Note: Per WP:LEAD , do not use this template in the lead section for common English words (like pub , rose , pencil , bus , Monday , Earth , etc.).
This template formats IPA transcriptions and links them to Help:IPA/English . The transcription should match the conventions of that key; for narrower dialect transcriptions, use {{IPA-endia }} or {{IPA-all }}, which links to a more complete IPA key.
The first parameter in the template is for the transcription, and a second optional parameter is a switch that controls the wording introducing the transcription. With no second value, the introduction English pronunciation: appears:
{{IPA-en|n}}
→ ஆங்கில உச்சரிப்பு: /n/
{{IPA-en|n|pron}}
→ உச்சரிப்பு /n/
{{IPA-en|n|lang}}
→ ஆங்கிலம்: /n/
{{IPA-en|n|local}}
→ locally /n/
{{IPA-en|n|IPA}}
→ IPA: /n/
{{IPA-en|n|UK}}
→ UK: /n/
{{IPA-en|n|US}}
→ US: /n/
{{IPA-en|n|}}
→ /n/
Any of these may be combined with a sound file in an optional third parameter:
{{IPA-en|n|local|En-us-'n'.ogg}}
→ locally /n/ (கேட்க ⓘ )
To use the default introductory wording when a third parameter is used, a placeholder such as ‹-› (something that does not match any of the above switches) is required in the second parameter:
{{IPA-en|n|-|En-us-'n'.ogg}}
→ ஆங்கில உச்சரிப்பு: /n/ (கேட்க ⓘ )
or the third parameter must be explicitly numbered:
{{IPA-en|n|3=En-us-'n'.ogg}}
→ ஆங்கில உச்சரிப்பு: /n/ (கேட்க ⓘ )
Usage of IPA pronunciation templates [ தொகு ]
Comparisons Introductory guides
Wikipedia offers several templates for proper display of IPA transcriptions.
In general, IPA symbols on a page should be enclosed in the {{IPA }}
template, which formats the text in an IPA-producing font. If a substantial portion of a page uses IPA, it is customary to post notice of that fact with {{IPA notice }}
, though each token still requires the {{IPA }}
template for proper formatting.
If there are not enough occurrences to warrant a notice, then consider a template that links to an IPA key for the first instance of the IPA on a page or section.
For English words, in a broad, non-regional transcription, as when giving the pronunciation of a key word in an article, use {{IPAc-en }}, which links to விக்கிப்பீடியா:ஆங்கில ஒலிப்புக் குறிகள் , a chart of the subset of the IPA that is relevant to English, and automates the conversion to IPA, so that {{IPAc-en|'|w|3:r|d}}
appears as . This provides mouse-over links to the symbols, and is now the preferred template.
For a specific transcription in a regional variety, use {{IPA-endia }} or {{IPA-all }}.
For words that are not assimilated into English, regional pronunciations of English words, and non-standard English dialects, use templates linking to the more general Help:IPA chart, containing all major IPA symbols:
{{IPA-all }}, appearing as: IPA: [word] . Or:
For specific languages, there may be dedicated IPA keys for standardized transcription. There are several options for their display. The first cell includes the ISO code of the language; the second is the transcription; the third keys an introductory phrase; and the fourth is space for a sound file. Using the French word eau [o] as an example, we have the default format:
{{IPA-fr|o}}
→ பிரெஞ்சு உச்சரிப்பு: [o]
Or the word "pronounced" can be used as the introduction:
{{IPA-fr|o|pron}}
→ pronounced [o]
Language name only:
{{IPA-fr|o|lang}}
→ பிரெஞ்சு மொழி: [o]
"IPA" only:
{{IPA-fr|o|IPA}}
→ IPA: [o]
Link only:
Any of these may be combined with a sound file:
{{IPA-fr|o|lang|Fr-eau.ogg}}
→ பிரெஞ்சு மொழி: [o] (கேட்க ⓘ )
For the default introductory phrase, however, a placeholder such as “-” is required:
{{IPA-fr|o|-|Fr-eau.ogg}}
→ பிரெஞ்சு உச்சரிப்பு: [o] (கேட்க ⓘ )
Supported languages and templates [ தொகு ]
Key
Language
Template(s)
Help:IPA/Afrikaans
ஆபிரிக்கான மொழி
{{IPA-af }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Albanian
Albanian
{{IPA-sq }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Alemannic German
அலேமானிசு
{{IPA-gsw }} (uses )
Colonia Tovar German
{{IPA-gct }} (uses )
Swabian German
{{IPA-swg }} (uses )
Walser German
{{IPA-wae }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Amharic
Amharic
{{IPA-am }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Arabic
Arabic
{{IPA-ar }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-ar }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Armenian
Armenian
{{IPA-hy }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Assamese
Assamese
{{IPA-as }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Astur-Leonese
Asturian
{{IPA-ast }} (uses )
Extremaduran
{{IPA-ext }} (uses )
Leonese
{{IPA-le }} (uses )
Mirandese
{{IPA-mwl }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Australian languages
Australian Aboriginal languages
{{IPA-aus }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Azerbaijani
Azerbaijani
{{IPA-az }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Basque
Basque
{{IPA-eu }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Belarusian
Belarusian
{{IPA-be }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Bengali
Bengali
{{IPA-bn }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Berber
Berber
{{IPA-tam }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Breton
Breton
{{IPA-br }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Bulgarian
Bulgarian
{{IPA-bg }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Burmese
Burmese
{{IPA-my }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Cantonese
கண்டோனீயம்
{{IPA-yue }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-yue }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Catalan
Catalan
{{IPA-ca }} (uses )
Valencian
{{IPA-va }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Colognian
Colognian
{{IPA-ksh }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Corsican
Corsican
{{IPA-co }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Czech
Czech
{{IPA-cs }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Danish
Danish
{{IPA-da }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Dutch
Dutch
{{IPA-nl }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Egyptian Arabic
எகிப்திய அரபு
{{IPA-arz }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Emilian-Romagnol
Emilian
{{IPA-egl }} (uses )
Romagnol
{{IPA-rgn }} (uses )
விக்கிப்பீடியா:ஆங்கில ஒலிப்புக் குறிகள்
English
{{IPAc-en }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Esperanto
எஸ்பெராண்டோ
{{IPA-eo }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Estonian
Estonian
{{IPA-et }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Fijian
Fijian
{{IPA-fj }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Finnish
Finnish
{{IPA-fi }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Franco-Provençal
Franco-Provençal
{{IPA-frp }} (uses )
விக்கிப்பீடியா:பிரான்சிய ஒலிப்புக் குறிகள்
French
{{IPA-fr }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-fr }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Galician
Galician
{{IPA-gl }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Georgian
Georgian
{{IPA-ka }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-ka }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Greek
Greek
{{IPA-el }} (uses ) , {{IPA-grc }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Gujarati
Gujarati
{{IPA-gu }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Haitian Creole
Haitian Creole
{{IPA-ht }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Hawaiian
Hawaiian
{{IPA-haw }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Hebrew
Hebrew
{{IPA-he }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-he }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Hejazi Arabic
Hejazi Arabic
{{IPA-acw }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu
Hindustani
{{IPA-hns }} (uses )
Hindi
{{IPA-hi }} (uses )
Urdu
{{IPA-ur }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Hungarian
Hungarian
{{IPA-hu }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-hu }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Icelandic
Icelandic
{{IPA-is }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Inuktitut
Inuktitut
{{IPA-iu }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Inupiaq
Inupiaq
{{IPA-ik }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Irish
Irish
{{IPA-ga }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-ga }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Italian
Italian
{{IPA-it }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-it }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Italian dialects
Italian dialects
{{IPA-itdia }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Japanese
Japanese
{{IPA-ja }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-ja }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Kazakh
Kazakh
{{IPA-kk }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Khmer
Khmer
{{IPA-km }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Korean
Korean
{{IPA-ko }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-ko }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Kurdish
Kurdish
{{IPA-ku }} (uses )
Northern Kurdish
{{IPA-kmr }} (uses )
சொரானி மொழி
{{IPA-ckb }} (uses )
Southern Kurdish
{{IPA-sdh }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Kyrgyz
Kyrgyz
{{IPA-ky }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Lao
Lao
{{IPA-lo }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Latin
இலத்தீன்
{{IPA-la }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Latvian
Latvian
{{IPA-lv }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Ligurian
Ligurian
{{IPA-lij }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Lithuanian
Lithuanian
{{IPA-lt }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Lombard
Lombard
{{IPA-lmo }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Luxembourgish
இலுகுசெம்பூர்கிய மொழி
{{IPA-lb }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Malagasy
Malagasy
{{IPA-mg }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Malay
Malay
{{IPA-ms }} (uses )
Indonesian
{{IPA-id }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Macedonian
Macedonian
{{IPA-mk }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Malayalam
மலையாளம்
{{IPA-ml }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Maltese
Maltese
{{IPA-mt }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Mandarin
Standard Chinese
{{IPA-cmn }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-cmn }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Manx
Manx
{{IPA-gv }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Māori
Māori
{{IPA-mi }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-mi }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Marshallese
Marshallese
{{IPA-mh }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-mh }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Mauritian Creole
Mauritian Creole
{{IPA-mfe }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Mayan
Mayan
{{IPA-myn }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Mongolian
Mongolian
{{IPA-mn }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Nahuatl
நாகவற் மொழி
{{IPA-nah }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Navajo
Navajo
{{IPA-nv }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Neapolitan
Neapolitan
{{IPA-nap }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Nepali
Nepali
{{IPA-ne }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Nguni
Swazi
{{IPA-ss }} (uses )
Xhosa
{{IPA-xh }} (uses )
Zulu
{{IPA-zu }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Northern Thai
Northern Thai
{{IPA-nod }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Norwegian
Norwegian
{{IPA-no }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Occitan
Occitan
{{IPA-oc }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Odia
Odia
{{IPA-or }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Old English
பண்டைய ஆங்கிலம்
{{IPA-ang }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Persian
Persian
{{IPA-fa }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Piedmontese
Piedmontese
{{IPA-pms }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Polish
Polish
{{IPA-pl }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-pl }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Portuguese
Portuguese
{{IPA-pt }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-pt }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Punjabi
Punjabi
{{IPA-pa }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Quechua
Quechua
{{IPA-qu }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Romanian
Romanian
{{IPA-ro }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-ro }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Romansh
Romansh
{{IPA-rm }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Russian
Russian
{{IPA-ru }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Sanskrit
சமசுகிருதம்
{{IPA-sa }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Sardinian
Sardinian
{{IPA-sc }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Scottish Gaelic
சுகாத்திசு கேலிக்கு
{{IPA-gd }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Serbo-Croatian
செருபோகுரோவாசிய மொழி
{{IPA-sh }} (uses )
Croatian
{{IPA-hr }} (uses )
Serbian
{{IPA-sr }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Shan and Tai Lue
Shan
{{IPA-shn }} (uses )
Tai Lue
{{IPA-khb }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Sicilian
Sicilian
{{IPA-scn }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Slovak
Slovak
{{IPA-sk }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Slovene
Slovene
{{IPA-sl }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Spanish
Spanish
{{IPA-es }} (uses ) , {{IPAc-es }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Standard German
German
{{IPA-de }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Swahili
Swahili
{{IPA-sw }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Swedish
Swedish
{{IPA-sv }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Taiwanese Hokkien
Taiwanese Hokkien
{{IPA-taiwan }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Tagalog
Tagalog
{{IPA-tl }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Tamil
Tamil
{{IPA-ta }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Tatar
Tatar
{{IPA-tt }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Thai
Thai
{{IPA-th }} (uses ) , {{IPA-sou }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Tibetan
Tibetan
{{IPA-bo }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Tigrinya
Tigrinya
{{IPA-ti }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Tunisian Arabic
Tunisian Arabic
{{IPA-aeb }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Turkish
Turkish
{{IPA-tr }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Turkmen
Turkmen
{{IPA-tk }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Ukrainian
Ukrainian
{{IPA-uk }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Uzbek
Uzbek
{{IPA-uz }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Venetian
Venetian
{{IPA-vec }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Vietnamese
Vietnamese
{{IPA-vi }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Walloon
Walloon
{{IPA-wa }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Welsh
Welsh
{{IPA-cy }} (uses )
Help:IPA/West Frisian
West Frisian
{{IPA-fy }} (uses )
Help:IPA/Yiddish
Yiddish
{{IPA-yi }} (uses )
Languages without dedicated keys [ தொகு ]
Templates have been created for languages which do not yet have dedicated key pages. Transcriptions which use these templates will link to Help:IPA for the time being; when a language-specific key is created the templates will be linked accordingly. For example, you can use {{IPA-jv |word}}
for Javanese, but for the moment it will link to Help:IPA , producing Javanese pronunciation: [word] .
Languages and language extensions (IPA-xx) with links to Help:IPA
{{IPA-ace }} (uses ) : Acehnese
{{IPA-ady }} (uses ) : Adyghe
{{IPA-aec }} (uses ) : Saidi Arabic
{{IPA-afb }} (uses ) : Gulf Arabic
{{IPA-ain }} (uses ) : Ainu
{{IPA-ak }} (uses ) : Akan (Fante, Twi)
{{IPA-akk }} (uses ) : Akkadian
{{IPA-alg }} (uses ) : Algonquian (Micmac, Cree)
{{IPA-all }} (uses ) : (transcriptions not specific to any language, or which have not yet been reassigned)
{{IPA-als }} (uses ) : Albanian dialects
{{IPA-an }} (uses ) : Aragonese
{{IPA-apc }} (uses ) : Lebanese Arabic
{{IPA-arn }} (uses ) : Mapuche
{{IPA-art }} (uses ) : artificial (Ido, Tolkien, etc.)
{{IPA-ath }} (uses ) : Athabaskan (Dene, Navajo)
{{IPA-ay }} (uses ) : Aymara
{{IPA-azc }} (uses ) : Uto-Aztecan (Shoshone, Comanche)
{{IPA-ba }} (uses ) : Bashkir
{{IPA-bar }} (uses ) : Bavarian
{{IPA-bm }} (uses ) : Manding/Bambara
{{IPA-bodia }} (uses ) : Bodish
{{IPA-cau }} (uses ) : (North) Caucasian
{{IPA-cel }} (uses ) : Celtic (Brythonic, Gaulish)
{{IPA-ch }} (uses ) : Chamorro
{{IPA-cop }} (uses ) : Coptic
{{IPA-csb }} (uses ) : Kashubian
{{IPA-cv }} (uses ) : Chuvash
{{IPA-dedia }} (uses ) : German dialects
{{IPA-dv }} (uses ) : Dhivehi
{{IPA-dz }} (uses ) : Dzongkha
{{IPA-ee }} (uses ) : Gbe (Ewe, Fon)
{{IPA-endia }} (uses ) : English dialects
{{IPA-enm }} (uses ) : Middle English
{{IPA-esdia }} (uses ) : Spanish dialects
{{IPA-fo }} (uses ) : Faroese
{{IPA-frdia }} (uses ) : French dialects (Canadian, Metis, Norman)
{{IPA-fur }} (uses ) : Friulian
{{IPA-gag }} (uses ) : Gagauz
{{IPA-gez }} (uses ) : Ge'ez
{{IPA-gn }} (uses ) : Guaraní
{{IPA-ha }} (uses ) : Hausa
{{IPA-hak }} (uses ) : Hakka
{{IPA-hmn }} (uses ) : Hmong
{{IPA-ig }} (uses ) : Igbo
{{IPA-ira }} (uses ) : Iranian (Old Persian, Kurdish, Pamir)
{{IPA-iro }} (uses ) : Iroquoian (Mohawk, Cherokee)
{{IPA-jv }} (uses ) : Javanese
{{IPA-ki }} (uses ) : Kikuyu
{{IPA-kjq }} (uses ) : Western Keres
{{IPA-kl }} (uses ) : Greenlandic
{{IPA-kn }} (uses ) : Kannada
{{IPA-kok }} (uses ) : Konkani
{{IPA-ks }} (uses ) : Kashmiri
{{IPA-ksw }} (uses ) : S'gaw Karen
{{IPA-kw }} (uses ) : Cornish
{{IPA-lad }} (uses ) : Ladino
{{IPA-lg }} (uses ) : Ganda
{{IPA-lld }} (uses ) : Ladin
{{IPA-ltc }} (uses ) : Middle Chinese
{{IPA-lzz }} (uses ) : Laz
{{IPA-maz }} (uses ) : Central Mazahua
{{IPA-mga }} (uses ) : Middle Irish
{{IPA-mid }} (uses ) : Neo-Mandaic
{{IPA-mnc }} (uses ) : Manchu
{{IPA-mnw }} (uses ) : Mon
{{IPA-moh }} (uses ) : Mohawk
{{IPA-mos }} (uses ) : Mossi/Gurunsi
{{IPA-mr }} (uses ) : Marathi
{{IPA-mus }} (uses ) : Muskogean (Chickasaw, Creek)
{{IPA-na }} (uses ) : Nauruan
{{IPA-nan }} (uses ) : Minnan/Taiwanese
{{IPA-nci }} (uses ) : Classical Nahuatl
{{IPA-nds }} (uses ) : Low Saxon
{{IPA-non }} (uses ) : Old Norse
{{IPA-nus }} (uses ) : Nuer
{{IPA-ny }} (uses ) : Chewa
{{IPA-oax }} (uses ) : Oaxaca (Zapotec, Mixe, Otomi)
{{IPA-om }} (uses ) : Oromo
{{IPA-os }} (uses ) : Ossetian
{{IPA-pap }} (uses ) : Papiamento
{{IPA-pdc }} (uses ) : Pennsylvania German
{{IPA-poly }} (uses ) : (other) Polynesian
{{IPA-ps }} (uses ) : Pashto
{{IPA-ptdia }} (uses ) : Portuguese dialects
{{IPA-qya }} (uses ) : Quenya
{{IPA-rej }} (uses ) : Rejang
{{IPA-rw }} (uses ) : Rwanda-Rundi
{{IPA-ryu }} (uses ) : Okinawan langs
{{IPA-sal }} (uses ) : Salish & NW Coast
{{IPA-sco }} (uses ) : Scots
{{IPA-sd }} (uses ) : Sindhi
{{IPA-sec }} (uses ) : Sechelt
{{IPA-sei }} (uses ) : Seri
{{IPA-sem }} (uses ) : (ancient) Semitic, Egyptian
{{IPA-sga }} (uses ) : Old Irish
{{IPA-si }} (uses ) : Sinhala
{{IPA-sio }} (uses ) : Siouan (Omaha, Lakota)
{{IPA-sjn }} (uses ) : Sindarin
{{IPA-sla }} (uses ) : Slavic (old Slavic, Silesian, Sorbian)
{{IPA-sm }} (uses ) : Samoan
{{IPA-sn }} (uses ) : Shona
{{IPA-so }} (uses ) : Somali
{{IPA-st }} (uses ) : Sotho
{{IPA-stq }} (uses ) : Saterland Frisian
{{IPA-su }} (uses ) : Sundanese
{{IPA-sux }} (uses ) : Sumerian
{{IPA-sva }} (uses ) : Svan
{{IPA-sw }} (uses ) : Swahili
{{IPA-syc }} (uses ) : Classical Syriac
{{IPA-syr }} (uses ) : Syriac
{{IPA-te }} (uses ) : Telugu
{{IPA-tix }} (uses ) : Southern Tiwa
{{IPA-tlh }} (uses ) : Klingon
{{IPA-tn }} (uses ) : Tswana
{{IPA-to }} (uses ) : Tongan
{{IPA-tyv }} (uses ) : Tuvan
{{IPA-tzl }} (uses ) : Talossan
{{IPA-ug }} (uses ) : Uyghur
{{IPA-wad }} (uses ) : Wandamen
{{IPA-wo }} (uses ) : Wolof
{{IPA-wuu }} (uses ) : Wu/Shanghainese
{{IPA-xmf }} (uses ) : Mingrelian
{{IPA-yo }} (uses ) : Yoruba
The template {{x2i }} takes X-SAMPA symbols (அமெரிக்கத் தகவல் இடைமாற்றத் தரக் குறிமுறை equivalents of IPA symbols) and converts them to IPA.
Other language-specific templates allow you to enter ordinary letters (or conventional ASCII equivalents) in place of IPA characters, and they will be automatically converted to the phonetic symbols that are used to transcribe the language. The templates that are currently available are shown below, with examples:
The following templates have also been created, but they haven't been vetted by the community and may not work properly:
Inline
Formatting Language- specific Maintenance
Navigation Charts Meta templates Others