ஊடுபாலினம்

வெளி ஒளிதங்கள்
	" What It's Like To Be Intersex", Lizz Warner, BuzzFeed

ஊடுபாலினம் (Intersex) ஊடுபாலியல் சார்ந்த மக்கள் என்பவர் பிறப்பில் நிலவும் அனைத்து பாலியல் பான்மை வேறுபாடுகளில் ஏதாவது ஒன்றை/ பலவற்றைத் தழுவிய ஆண், பெண் உடலோடு பொருந்தாத பிறப்பு வேறுபாடமைந்த தனியர்கள் ஆவர். இந்த பாலியல் வேறுபாடுகளில் குறுமவகங்கள், பாலாக்கிகள், பால்சுரப்புகள், பால் உறுப்புகள் ஆகியன அடங்கும்.^[1]^[2] இந்த வேறுபாடுகளில் பாலுறுப்பு மய்க்கமோ குறுமவகப் புறத்தோற்றவகைச் சேர்மானங்களோ அமையலாம்; ஆனால், இயல்பான XY-ஆண், XX-பெண் சேர்மானங்கள் அமையமாட்டா.^[3]^[4]

மேலும் காண்க[தொகு]

மூன்றாம் பாலினம்

மேற்கோள்கள்[தொகு]

குறிப்புகள்

↑ UN Committee against Torture; UN Committee on the Rights of the Child; UN Committee on the Rights of People with Disabilities; UN Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment; Juan Méndez, Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; Dainius Pῡras Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health; Dubravka Šimonoviæ, Special Rapporteur on violence against women its causes and consequences; Marta Santos Pais, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General on Violence against Children; African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights; Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights; Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (October 24, 2016), "Intersex Awareness Day – Wednesday 26 October. End violence and harmful medical practices on intersex children and adults, UN and regional experts urge", Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights
↑ "Free & Equal Campaign Fact Sheet: Intersex". United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. https://unfe.org/system/unfe-65-Intersex_Factsheet_ENGLISH.pdf.
↑ John Money; Ehrhardt, Anke A. (1972). Man & Woman Boy & Girl. Differentiation and dimorphism of gender identity from conception to maturity. USA: The Johns Hopkins University Press. பன்னாட்டுத் தரப்புத்தக எண்:978-0-8018-1405-1. https://archive.org/details/manwomanboygirl00mone.
↑ Alice Dreger (2001). Hermaphrodites and the Medical Invention of Sex. USA: Harvard University Press. பன்னாட்டுத் தரப்புத்தக எண்:978-0-674-00189-3.

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Jones, Tiffany; Hart, Bonnie; Carpenter, Morgan; Ansara, Gavi; Leonard, William; Lucke, Jayne (2016). Intersex: Stories and Statistics from Australia. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers. பன்னாட்டுத் தரப்புத்தக எண்:978-1-78374-208-0. https://interactadvocates.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/01/Intersex-Stories-Statistics-Australia.pdf. பார்த்த நாள்: 2 February 2016.
Jones, Tiffany (2018). "Intersex Studies: A Systematic Review of International Health Literature". Sage Open 2018 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1177/2158244017745577.
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Anne Tamar-Mattis (2014). "Medical Treatment of People with Intersex Conditions as Torture and Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment". in Center for Human Rights & Humanitarian Law; Washington College of Law. Torture in Healthcare Settings: Reflections on the Special Rapporteur on Torture's 2013 Thematic Report. Washington, DC. பக். 91–104. http://antitorture.org/torture-in-healthcare-publication/.
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Zwischengeschlecht (March 2014). "IGM – Historical Overview. Hermaphrodites in the 'Developed World': From Legal Self-Determination to IGM, Supplement 1". NGO Report to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th Periodic Report of Switzerland on the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) (2 ). பக். 49–62. http://intersex.shadowreport.org/public/2014-CRC-Swiss-NGO-Zwischengeschlecht-Intersex-IGM_v2.pdf.

வெளி இணைப்புகள்[தொகு]

பொதுவகத்தில் Intersex தொடர்பாக ஊடகக் கோப்புகள் உள்ளன.

[un-2016-1] UN Committee against Torture; UN Committee on the Rights of the Child; UN Committee on the Rights of People with Disabilities; UN Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment; Juan Méndez, Special Rapporteur on torture and other cruel inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment; Dainius Pῡras Special Rapporteur on the right of everyone to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of physical and mental health; Dubravka Šimonoviæ, Special Rapporteur on violence against women its causes and consequences; Marta Santos Pais, Special Representative of the UN Secretary-General on Violence against Children; African Commission on Human and Peoples' Rights; Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights; Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (October 24, 2016), "Intersex Awareness Day – Wednesday 26 October. End violence and harmful medical practices on intersex children and adults, UN and regional experts urge", Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights

[unfe-fact-2] "Free & Equal Campaign Fact Sheet: Intersex". United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights. https://unfe.org/system/unfe-65-Intersex_Factsheet_ENGLISH.pdf.

[Money-3] John Money; Ehrhardt, Anke A. (1972). Man & Woman Boy & Girl. Differentiation and dimorphism of gender identity from conception to maturity. USA: The Johns Hopkins University Press. பன்னாட்டுத் தரப்புத்தக எண்:978-0-8018-1405-1. https://archive.org/details/manwomanboygirl00mone.

[Dreger-4] Alice Dreger (2001). Hermaphrodites and the Medical Invention of Sex. USA: Harvard University Press. பன்னாட்டுத் தரப்புத்தக எண்:978-0-674-00189-3.

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