பிந்து: திருத்தங்களுக்கு இடையிலான வேறுபாடு

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பக்கத்தை '{{Infobox person | name = பிந்து | image = ActressBindu.jpg | imagesize = | caption = 2...' கொண்டு பிரதியீடு செய்தல்
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{{Infobox person
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
| name = பிந்து
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
| image = ActressBindu.jpg
{{Infobox person
| imagesize =
| name = Madhur Jaffrey
| caption = 2012இல் பிந்து
| native_name = मधुर जाफ़री
| birth_name = பிந்து தேசாய்
| native_name_lang = [[இந்தி|Hindi]]
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|df=yes|1951|4|17}}
| image = Madhur Jaffrey crop.jpg
| birth_place = [[வல்சாடு]], பம்பாய் ஸ்டேட், [[பிரித்தானிய இந்தியாவின் மாகாணங்களும், ஆட்சிப் பகுதிகளும்]]<br>(தற்போது [[குசராத்து]], [[இந்தியா]])
| caption = Madhur Jaffrey at a book signing in Vancouver in October 2010
| death_date =
| birth_name = Madhur Bahadur
| death_place =
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1933|8|13}}
| othername =
| birth_place = [[தில்லி]], [[பிரித்தானியாவின் இந்தியப் பேரரசு|British India]]
| years_active = 1962 முதல் தற்போது வரை
| alma_mater = [[தில்லி பல்கலைக்கழகம்]]<br />[[Royal Academy of Dramatic Art]]
| homepage =
| spouse = {{married|[[Saeed Jaffrey]]|1958|1966|reason=div.}}<br>{{married|[[Sanford Allen]]|1969}}
| notable role =
| children = Zia Jaffrey ''(b. 1959)''<br>Meera Jaffrey ''(b. 1960)''<br>[[Sakina Jaffrey]] ''(b. 1962)''
| spouse = சம்பக்லால் ஜவேரி
| residence = New York City, United States<br/>London, England
| website = {{URL|www.madhur-jaffrey.com}}
| module =
{{Infobox chef |child=yes <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox Chef/doc]] -->
| style = [[இந்திய உணவுமுறை|Indian]]
| restaurants = Dawat, New York City (1986 to present)
| television = ''Madhur Jaffrey's Indian Cookery'' (1982), ''Far Eastern Cookery'' (1989), ''Listening To Volcanoes'' (1990), '' From Manna to Microwave'' (1990), ''Madhur Jaffrey’s Flavours of India'' (1995), ''Friends for Dinner'' (2001), ''Ready, Steady Cook'' (2001), ''Cooking Live'' (2001)
| awards = [[James Beard Foundation Award]]<br>
* 2006 Cookbook Hall of Fame ''An Invitation to Indian Cooking''<br>
* 2004 International Cookbook ''From Curries to Kebabs''<br>
* 2002 International Cookbook ''Madhur Jaffrey's Step-by-Step Cooking''<br>
* 2000 International Cookbook ''Madhur Jaffrey’s World Vegetarian''<br>
* 1994 Cookbook of the Year ''Madhur Jaffrey’s A Taste of the Far East''<br>
* 1994 International Cookbook ''Madhur Jaffrey’s A Taste of the Far East''<br>
[[Guild of Food Writers]] Award<br>
* 2004 Cookery Book of the Year ''The Curry Bible''<br>
* 1999 Cookery Book of the Year ''Madhur Jaffrey’s World Vegetarian''<br>
[[International Association of Culinary Professionals]] [[Bert Greene (cookbook author)|Bert Greene]] Award<br>
* 2003 Best Food Journalism in a Magazine ''Passage to Pakistan'', [[Saveur]]<br>
[[New York Women in Film & Television]] Muse Award<br>
* 2000 Outstanding Vision and Achievement<br>
Governor's New York State Division of Women Award for Excellence 1999<br>
Food Arts magazine Silver Spoon Award 1998<br>
Taraknath Das Foundation Award 1993
}}
}}
}}
{{portal|Biography|Food|Film|India}}


'''பிந்து''' (Bindu) 1951 ஏப்ரல் 17 அன்று பிறந்த இவர் ஒரு [[இந்தியத் திரைப்படத்துறை|இந்திய]] நடிகையாவார். 1970 களில் பிரபலமானவர், பல விருதுகளுக்கான பரிந்துரைகளை பெற்றார். நான்கு தசாப்தங்களுக்கு மேலாக வாழ்ந்த ஒரு வாழ்க்கையில் 160 க்கும் மேற்பட்ட திரைப்படங்களில் நடித்துள்ளார்,<ref name="joint">{{cite web |title=Bindu |url=http://www.jointscene.com/artists/Bollywood/Bindu/4869 |publisher=jointscene.com |accessdate=2 August 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100811082948/http://www.jointscene.com/artists/Bollywood/Bindu/4869 |archivedate=11 August 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> மேலும், "காடி படாங்"(1970) படத்தில் "சப்னம்" என்ற அவரது பாத்திரத்திற்காக மிகவும் நினைவுபடுத்தப்பட்டவர் <ref name=exp>{{cite news |title=Shabnam Still Gets Fan Mail|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/shabnam-still-gets-fan-mail/720458/0 |publisher=Indian Express |date=4 December 2010 |accessdate=7 May 2013}}</ref>
'''Madhur Jaffrey''', [[Order of the British Empire|CBE]] (née '''Bahadur'''; born 13 August 1933) is an Indian-born actress, food and travel writer, and television personality.<ref name="madhur_ap_2015-10-20">{{cite news | title = From actress to cookbook author: The lives of Madhur Jaffrey | url = http://bigstory.ap.org/article/21a4586ea766458a9e0f6dcb782e6c6f/actress-cookbook-author-lives-madhur-jaffrey | author = Michele Kayal | publisher = Associated Press | date= 20 October 2015 | accessdate = 20 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_mbc">{{cite web | title = Encyclopedia of Television - Jaffrey, Madhur | url = http://www.museum.tv/eotv/jaffreymadh.htm | author = Nicola Foster | publisher = Museum of Broadcast Communications | date = 25 October 2013 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> She is recognized for bringing [[இந்திய உணவுமுறை]] to the Americas with her debut cookbook, ''An Invitation to Indian Cooking'' (1973), which was inducted into the [[James Beard Foundation]]’s [[James Beard Foundation Award#2006 winners|Cookbook Hall of Fame]] in 2006.<ref name="madhur_mkt">{{cite web | title = Madhur Jaffrey | url = http://www.mykitchentable.co.uk/index.php/author/madhur-jaffrey/ | publisher = My Kitchen Table | work = Ebury Publishing | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_tg_2012-09-26">{{cite news | title = Six to watch: TV chefs | url = https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/tvandradioblog/2012/sep/26/six-to-watch-tv-chefs | author = Daniel Bettridge | publisher = The Guardian | date= 26 September 2012 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_nyt_2006-05-10">{{cite news | title = New York Dominates at Beard Awards | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/10/dining/10bear.html | author = Florence Fabricant | publisher = New York Times | date = 10 May 2006 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> She has written over a dozen cookbooks and appeared on several related television programmes, the most notable of which was ''Madhur Jaffrey's Indian Cookery'', which premiered in the UK in 1982.<ref name="madhur_tg_2012-11-07">{{cite news | title = Live chat: Madhur Jaffrey | url = https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/wordofmouth/2012/nov/07/live-chat-madhur-jaffrey | publisher = The Guardian | date = 7 November 2012 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> She is the food consultant at ''Dawat'', considered by many [[food critic]]s to be among the best Indian restaurants in New York City.<ref name="madhur_nyt_1986-12-12">{{cite news | title = Restaurants | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1986/12/12/arts/restaurants-676386.html | author = Bryan Miller | publisher = New York Times | date = 12 December 1986 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_nyt_1991-07-05">{{cite news | title = Restaurants | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1991/07/05/arts/restaurants-637091.html | author = Bryan Miller | publisher = New York Times | date = 5 July 1991 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_nyt_1995-06-14">{{cite news | title = Unsung Chefs In a City of Stars | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1995/06/14/garden/unsung-chefs-in-a-city-of-stars.html?pagewanted=all | author = Bryan Miller | publisher = New York Times | date = 14 June 1995 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref>

She played an instrumental part in bringing together film makers [[James Ivory (director)|James Ivory]] and [[Ismail Merchant]]<ref name="madhur_ti_1999-12-16">{{cite news | title = How We Met: Ismail Merchant & Madhur Jaffrey | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/how-we-met-ismail-merchant-madhur-jaffrey-1132061.html | author = Laurence Phelan | publisher = The Independent | date = 16 December 1999 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_nyt_2003-01-02">{{cite news | title = Telling Secrets That Worked For a Gambling Life in Films | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2003/01/02/movies/telling-secrets-that-worked-for-a-gambling-life-in-films.html?pagewanted=all | author = Mel Gussow | publisher = New York Times | date = 2 January 2003 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> and acted in several of their films such as ''[[Shakespeare Wallah]]'' (1965), for which she won the [[Silver Bear for Best Actress]] award at the [[15th Berlin International Film Festival]].<ref name="madhur_biff">{{cite web | title = Prizes & Honours 1965 - International Jury | url = https://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1965/03_preistr_ger_1965/03_Preistraeger_1965.html | publisher = Internationale Filmfestspiele Berlin | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> She has appeared in dramas on radio, stage and television.<ref name="madhur_nyt_2000-03-14">{{cite news | title = She Also Cooks Just a Trifle, This Actress | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2000/03/14/nyregion/she-also-cooks-just-a-trifle-this-actress.html | author = Jan Hoffman | publisher = New York Times | date = 14 March 2000 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref>

In 2004 she was named an honorary [[CBE|Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] in recognition of her services to cultural relations between the United Kingdom, India and the United States, through her achievements in film, television and cookery.<ref name="madhur_et_2004-03-20">{{cite news | title = Honorary CBE for Madhur Jaffrey | url = http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/honorary-cbe-for-madhur-jaffrey/articleshow/572215.cms | publisher = The Economic Times | date = 20 March 2004 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_ti_2004-11-07">{{cite news | title = Sir David Manning presents the CBE to Indian born actress and cookery writer Madhur Jaffrey | url = http://www.tribuneindia.com/2004/20041107/world.htm | publisher = The Tribune | date = 7 November 2004 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref>

Her childhood memoir of India during the final years of the [[பிரித்தானியாவின் இந்தியப் பேரரசு]], ''Climbing the Mango Trees'', was published in 2006.<ref name="madhur_nyt_2006-10-29-01">{{cite news | title = Spice of Life | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/29/books/review/Stern.t.html?pagewanted=all|author1=Jane Stern |author2=Michael Stern | publisher = New York Times | date = 29 October 2006 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_nyt_2006-10-29-02">{{cite news | title = First Chapter: 'Climbing the Mango Trees' | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2006/10/29/books/chapters/1029-1st-jaff.html | author = Madhur Jaffrey | publisher = New York Times | date = 29 October 2006 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref>

== Early life ==
Jaffrey was born in [[Civil Lines, Delhi]], into a [[Kayastha]] [[இந்துக் கூட்டுக்குடும்பம்]].<ref name="madhur_tg_2001-09-09">{{cite news | title = Desert island dish | url = https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2001/sep/09/foodanddrink.recipes | author = Chloe Diski | publisher = The Guardian | date = 9 September 2001| accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_ctmt_3">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 3 }}</ref> She is the fifth of six children of Lala Raj Bans Bahadur (1899–1974) and his wife, Kashmiran Rani (1903–1971).<ref name="madhur_ctmt_xi">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = xi | url = }}</ref><ref name="madhur_fc10">{{cite web | title = Family Tree of Rai Bahadur Jeewan Lal ji - Family Chart 10 | url = http://www.nawalbiharilalji.com/FC10.html | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> Madhur's grandfather, Rai Bahadur Raj Narain (1864–1950), had built a sprawling family compound, named Number 7 Raj Narain Marg, by the [[யமுனை ஆறு]] river amid fruit orchards.

When Madhur was about 2 years old, her father accepted a position in a family-run concern, Ganesh Flour Mills, and moved to [[கான்பூர்]] as the manager of a ''[[நெய்|vanaspati ghee]]'' factory there.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_31">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | pages = 31–32 | url = }}</ref> In Kanpur, Madhur attended St. Mary’s Convent school along with her elder sisters, Lalit and Kamal.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_40">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 40 | url = }}</ref> In kindergarten at the age of 5, she played the role of the brown mouse in a musical version of the ''[[Pied Piper of Hamelin]]''.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_157">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 157 | url = }}</ref> The family lived in Kanpur for 8 years until her grandfather's deteriorating health caused a move back to Delhi in 1944.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_71">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 71 | url = }}</ref>

In Delhi, Madhur attended Queen Mary's Higher Secondary School<ref name="madhur_ctmt_114">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 114 | url = }}</ref> where her history teacher, Mrs McKelvie, encouraged her to participate in school plays. Madhur played the role of [[Titania]] in [[வில்லியம் சேக்சுபியர்]]'s play ''[[A Midsummer Night's Dream]]'' followed by the lead role in ''Robin Hood and His Merry Men''.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_159">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 159 | url = }}</ref> Madhur's brothers, Brij Bans Bahadur and Krishen Bans Bahadur, who were much older than her, were enrolled in [[St. Stephen's College, Delhi]]. Every winter, St. Stephen's students put on a Shakespearean play that Madhur would watch avidly from the front row.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_158">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 158 | url = }}</ref>

A supporter of [[மோகன்தாசு கரம்சந்த் காந்தி]]'s demand for [[இந்திய விடுதலை இயக்கம்|Indian independence]] from [[பிரித்தானியாவின் இந்தியப் பேரரசு|British rule]], Madhur spent some time each day spinning ''[[காதி]]'' and delivered several large spools of thread to a central collection center in Delhi.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_179">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 179 | url = }}</ref>
[[File:Gandhi spinning Noakhali 1946.jpg|left|thumb|[[மோகன்தாசு கரம்சந்த் காந்தி]] wearing a [[நவகாளி மாவட்டம்]] hat while spinning ''[[காதி]]'' at [[காந்தி சமிதி]], November 1947.]]
In 1947, Madhur experienced first-hand the effects of the [[இந்தியப் பிரிப்பு|partition of the British Indian Empire]].<ref name="madhur_ti_2003-07-01">{{cite news | title = Madhur Jaffrey: You Ask The Questions | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/madhur-jaffrey-you-ask-the-questions-101171.html | author = Madhur Jaffrey | publisher = The Independent | date = 1 July 2003 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> At school, her classmates split into two on the issue of partition; the [[முஸ்லிம்]] girls supported the idea while the [[இந்து]]s were against it. On August 15 she watched the transfer of power at [[இந்தியாவின் வாயில்]] and got a clear glimpse of [[ஜவகர்லால் நேரு]] and [[மவுண்ட்பேட்டன் பிரபு|Lord Mountbatten]] coming down [[ராஜ்பத்]] in an open horse carriage. The massive multi-directional migration that began almost immediately afterwards caused riots and killing in Delhi. The male members of her family guarded their house with guns that they had previously used only for [[game (hunting)|hunting game]]. At school, all her Muslim classmates left without a farewell. In 1948, a few days before Mahatma Gandhi was shot dead, she attended one of his prayer meetings at [[காந்தி சமிதி]] and sang [[பஜனைகள்]]s. She heard the news of his [[மோகன்தாசு கரம்சந்த் காந்தி#assassination|assassination]] on the radio, followed by Jawaharlal Nehru's address later that night, "the light has gone out of our lives, and there is darkness everywhere." She saw Gandhi's funeral procession at [[ராஜ்பத்]] and witnessed his cremation at [[ராஜ்காட்|Rajghat]].<ref name="madhur_ctmt_178">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | pages = 178–186 | url = }}</ref>

At home, Madhur's family primarily ate food prepared by servants but supervised by the ladies of the family. They occasionally indulged in [[Mughlai cuisine]] bought in the bylanes of [[பழைய தில்லி]], like ''[[பூரி (உணவு)|bedvi]] [[உருளைக் கிழங்கு|aloo]]'', ''[[seekh kebab]]'', ''[[shami kebab]]'', ''[[rumali roti]]'' and ''[[bakarkhani]]''.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_188">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | pages = 188–190 | url = }}</ref> Refugees from Punjab who settled in Delhi after partition brought their own style of cooking. [[Moti Mahal Delux|Moti Mahal]], a ''[[dhaba]]'' in [[Daryaganj]], introduced ''[[tandoori chicken]]'' and then went on to invent [[butter chicken]] and ''[[dal makhani]]''. Madhur found Punjabi food's simplicity and freshness very enticing and routinely picked up tandoori food from Moti Mahal for family picnics.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_191">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | pages = 191–194 | url = }}</ref>

At school, the subject of domestic science included learning dishes like [[blancmange]], whose bland taste drove Madhur to dismiss the cookery lessons as preparing "British invalid foods from circa 1930".<ref name="madhur_ctmt_203">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | pages = 203–204 | url = }}</ref> However, at the time of the practical examination, her class was asked to make a dish from an assortment of potatoes, tomatoes, onions, garlic, ginger and Indian spices in a pot over wood to be lit with matches. Madhur did her best but guessed that she failed the subject of domestic science altogether.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_229">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 229 | url = }}</ref>

Madhur and her cousins would regularly answer summons from the nearby [[அனைத்திந்திய வானொலி]] station for parts in radio plays or children's programs. As she was paid a small fee for each session, Madhur considered this to be her first professional work.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_220">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | pages = 220–221 | url = }}</ref>
[[File:Akashvani Bhavan in New Delhi.jpg|right|thumb|[[அனைத்திந்திய வானொலி]] station at [[அனைத்திந்திய வானொலி|Akashvani Bhavan]] in New Delhi.]]

Meanwhile, Madhur's father had moved to [[Daurala]] as general manager of Daurala Sugar Works, a factory owned by family friends, the [[Lala Shri Ram|Shri Ram]] family. Madhur, along with her brothers, her younger sister, Veena, and her mother remained behind in Delhi in to avoid disrupting the children's education.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_123">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 123 | url = }}</ref> During this period, Madhur's elder sisters were at boarding school in [[நைனித்தால்]].<ref name="madhur_ctmt_164">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 164 | url = }}</ref> In the letters that they exchanged with their siblings and cousins at Delhi, they addressed each other only by their initials. This tradition cemented over time so that Madhur became ''M'' for her circle of close friends and family.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_165">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 165 | url = }}</ref> Madhur's father eventually returned from Daurala and joined [[Delhi Cloth Mills]], a textile factory owned by the [[Lala Shri Ram|Shri Ram]] family.

== Delhi (1950–1955) ==
From 1950 to 1953 Madhur attended [[Miranda House]], a women's college, where she gained a B.A. degree in English Honours with a minor in philosophy.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_229"/>
[[File:Miranda House.jpg|left|thumb|[[Miranda House]] in New Delhi.]]
She took part in her college's all-women productions of ''[[அம்லெட்(Hamlet)]]'' and ''[[The Importance of Being Earnest]]''.<ref name="madhur_ctmt_240">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | pages = 240–241 | url = }}</ref> She appeared in ''[[The Comedy of Errors]]'' performed by St. Stephen's College.

In 1951, Madhur joined the Unity Theatre, an English language [[repertory theatre|repertory company]] founded by [[Saeed Jaffrey]] in New Delhi.<ref name="madhur_unity">{{cite book | editor = Horace Newcomb | date = 3 February 2014 | title = Encyclopedia of Television | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 9781135194796 | pages = 1206–1207 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=JUzIAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA1207&lpg=PA1207&dq=Unity+Theatre+delhi&source=bl&ots=jp8pXhKzAD&sig=ifUlFRkA9QjQO_4ZuUsoHuqghO4&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Unity%20Theatre%20delhi&f=false}}</ref> She auditioned for the role of the Queen's Reader in [[Jean Cocteau]]'s play ''[[The Eagle Has Two Heads]]'' just four days before the opening but was cast in the role.<ref name="saeed_bio_62">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Saeed | year = 1998 | title = Saeed: An Actor's Journey | publisher = Constable | isbn = 009476770X | page = 62 | url = https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=8yxaAAAAMAAJ | quote = The other significant feature of that 1951 production of The Eagle Has Two Heads was the arrival of Madhur Bahadur in my life. Four days before we opened, we found out that the girl who was playing the rather important role of the Queen's Reader in the play had eloped with her lover and was untraceable! There was no understudy and we were really seriously in trouble. But a boy called Bahadur bailed us out by suggesting that we audition his cousin, Madhur, who was studying for her BA at Miranda House, a prestigious girls' college attached to Delhi University, and who had acted in her college productions. Along came this thin young girl in yellow pedal pushers, wearing glasses over a prominent nose. She auditioned brilliantly, impressed us all and made the part completely her own. In the play the Queen's Reader resents Azrael, the new man in the Queen's life. But in real life, M - for that was her nickname - and I fell madly in love with each other. }}</ref> The next play that she did with Saeed was [[Christopher Fry]]'s ''[[A Phoenix Too Frequent]]''.

After graduation from Miranda House in 1953, Madhur joined [[அனைத்திந்திய வானொலி]], where Saeed Jaffrey was an announcer.<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/> She worked as a disc jockey at night.<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/> Saeed and Madhur fell in love and dated at Gaylord, a restaurant in [[கன்னாட்டு பிளேசு, புது தில்லி|Connaught Place]].<ref name="saeed_bio_63">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Saeed | year = 1998 | title = Saeed: An Actor's Journey | publisher = Constable | isbn = 009476770X | page = 63 | url = https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=8yxaAAAAMAAJ}}</ref>

During this period, Madhur also met [[ரூத் பிராவர் ஜாப்வாலா]], a British novelist who had moved to [[Civil Lines, Delhi]] after marriage to Cyrus Jhabvala, an Indian architect, in 1951.<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/> Madhur answered a [[casting call]] by Prawer Jhabvala and worked with her on [[அனைத்திந்திய வானொலி]] plays. The protagonists of Prawer Jhabvala's first novel, ''To Whom She Will'' (1955), a young couple who work at a radio station in Delhi and fall in love, were based on Madhur and Saeed Jaffrey.<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/><ref name="madhur_tg_2005-03-19">{{cite news | title = Brave new worlds | url = https://www.theguardian.com/film/2005/mar/19/books.featuresreviews | author = Maya Jaggi | publisher = The Guardian | date = 19 March 2005 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> The novel was published in America the following year as ''Amrita'' (1956).<ref name="madhur_nyt_1983-09-11">{{cite news | title = The Artistry Of Ruth Prawer Jhabvala | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1983/09/11/magazine/the-artistry-of-ruth-prawer-jhabvala.html?pagewanted=all | author = Bernard Weinraub | publisher = New York Times | date = 11 September 1983 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref>

In early 1955, Madhur was in the audience at St. Stephen's College, Delhi for a program of literary readings by [[Sybil Thorndike]] and [[Lewis Casson]], married English actors who toured internationally in Shakespearean productions.<ref name="madhur_jw_1">{{cite web | title = Madhur Jaffrey Interview - Part 1: An oral history project conducted by Judith Weinraub | url = http://dlib.nyu.edu/beard/interviews/madhur-jaffrey-interview-1 | author = Judith Weinraub | publisher = Fales Library, NYU | date = 2 December 2010 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_lc_1955">{{cite web | title = Lewis Casson | url = http://spartacus-educational.com/FWWcasson.htm | author = John Simkin | publisher = Spartacus Educational Publishers Ltd. | date= | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_lc-1955-02-07">{{cite news | title = Latest news of Sir Lewis Casson and Dame Sybil Thorndike | url = http://nla.gov.au/nla.news-article71631845 | publisher = The Argus | date= 7 February 1955 | accessdate = 15 October 2015 | quote = Latest news of Sir Lewis Casson and Dame Sybil Thorndike, who are at present touring the East, is that they are now in Calcutta. They will spend a short time there before flying to Hong Kong to see their daughter-in-law, Mrs. John Casson, who is recovering from an operation, and their granddaughter, Penny. Highlight of their tour of India was a moon light visit to the Taj Mahal. They flew there in Prime Minister Pandit Nehru's plane, which was lent to them for the occasion. }}</ref> Later that year, the ''Unity Theatre'' put on a performance of [[Tennessee Williams]]' one-act play, ''[[Auto-da-Fé (play)|Auto-da-Fé]]'', in which Madhur played the rigidly moralistic mother to Saeed's young postal worker, Eloi. The last play that Madhur did with Saeed was ''[[ஒத்தெல்லோ]]'' in which Saeed was cast as [[Iago]] while Madhur played Iago's wife, [[Emilia (Othello)|Emilia]].<ref name="madhur_ctmt_242">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | date = 10 October 2006 | title = Climbing the Mango Trees: A Memoir of a Childhood in India | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 978-1400042951 | page = 242 | url = }}</ref><ref name="saeed_bio_66">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Saeed | year = 1998 | title = Saeed: An Actor's Journey | publisher = Constable | isbn = 009476770X | page = 66 | url = https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=8yxaAAAAMAAJ | quote = }}</ref>

Madhur decided to pursue acting as a profession. She won a grant from the British government that she could use to pay for education at the [[Royal Academy of Dramatic Art]] (RADA).<ref>{{cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3322487.stm | publisher = BBC News | title = Moving stories: Madhur Jaffrey | date = 22 December 2003 | accessdate=12 May 2010}}</ref>
[[File:RADA 62 Gower Street, London WC1E 6ED. Frontage dates from 1905.JPG|right|thumb|The [[Royal Academy of Dramatic Art]] at 62 Gower Street, London WC1E 6ED.]]
The head of the [[British Council]] in India was impressed by her performance in ''[[Auto-da-Fé (play)|Auto-da-Fé]]'' and offered her a scholarship. Armed with these two sources of money, Madhur sailed in 1955 from [[மும்பை]] on a [[P&O (company)|Pacific & Oriental]] oceanliner to [[Southampton]] via the [[சுயஸ் கால்வாய்]].<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/>

== London (1955–1957) ==
Madhur joined the [[Royal Academy of Dramatic Art]] (RADA) with [[Diana Rigg]], [[Siân Phillips]] and [[Glenda Jackson]] as her contemporaries.<ref name="madhur_tg_1999-12-03">{{cite news | title = Spice odyssey | url = https://www.theguardian.com/film/1999/dec/03/culture.features1 | author = Stuart Jeffries | publisher = The Guardian | date = 3 December 1999 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> She won a scholarship from RADA after an audition. This supplemented her earlier grant and scholarship. She also picked up minor acting roles on [[பிபிசி]] television and radio. Her father would send her a small amount of money periodically and her total income proved sufficient to live modestly in London.<ref name="madhur_tt_2012-11-02">{{cite web | title = Madhur Jaffrey: 'I save cash by bulk buying rice' | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/fameandfortune/9652035/Madhur-Jaffrey-I-save-cash-by-bulk-buying-rice.html | author = Toby Walne | publisher = The Guardian | date= 4 Nov 2012 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> She rented rooms from at least two different landlords before settling down in a [[bedsit]] in [[London Borough of Brent|Brent]] with a young Jewish family, the Golds, who allowed her to use their kitchen and their utensils to cook her own food.<ref name="madhur_tt_2012-10-16">{{cite news | title = Xanthe Clay meets Madhur Jaffrey | url = https://www.telegraph.co.uk/foodanddrink/9612048/Xanthe-Clay-meets-Madhur-Jaffrey.html | author = Xanthe Clay | publisher = | date = 16 October 2012 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> Her landlady, Blanche Gold, was roughly her age. Blanche had one child and was pregnant.<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/>

Madhur found [[British food]] and Indian restaurants of that time to be terrible.<ref name="madhur_tg_2011-05-15">{{cite news | title = Lunch with Madhur Jaffrey | url = https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2011/may/15/madhur-jaffrey-interview | author = Rachel Cooke | publisher = The Guardian | date = 15 May 2011 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_ft_2005-01-22">{{cite news | title = Very muddy to very modern | url = http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/3f603c2e-70d2-11d9-b572-00000e2511c8.html | author = Madhur Jaffrey | publisher = Financial Times | date = 22 January 2005 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> The grey [[roast beef]] and overcooked cabbage with watery potatoes served at the fifth floor canteen of RADA were unappetizing.<ref name="madhur_npr_2010-12-27">{{cite news | title = The Long View: Madhur Jaffrey's Indian Kitchen | url = https://www.npr.org/2010/12/27/132207213/the-long-view-madhur-jaffreys-indian-kitchen | publisher = National Public Radio | date = 27 December 2010 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> She wrote to her mother, begging her for recipes of the home cooked meals of her childhood. Her mother responded with recipes written in [[இந்தி|Hindi]] on [[onionskin]] paper in letters sent via [[airmail]]. The very first letter was dated 19 March 1956 and included recipes for [[mutton curry|meat]] spiced with [[கறுவா]], [[ஏலம் (தாவரம்)]] and [[Cinnamomum tamala|bay]], a [[aloo gobi|cauliflower dish]], and [[egg curry]] with hard-boiled eggs.<ref name="madhur_aitic_1973">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Madhur | year = 1973 | title = An Invitation to Indian Cooking | publisher = Knopf | isbn = 0394481720 | page = 53 | quote = When I was a student in London and had written home begging my mother to teach me how to cook, one of the earliest letters I received from her was dated 19 March 1956, and said 'I received your letter. I am glad to know you have gained weight. I miss you and cannot wait to see you in your new plump state. Here is the recipe for the Khare Masale Ka Gosht that you asked for. Write and tell me how it works out...' It worked out very well!}}</ref> The first recipe that she tried was [[jeera aloo]] (potatoes with cumin). She bought [[pumpernickel]] from a neighborhood Jewish bakery as a substitute for [[சப்பாத்தி]]s.<ref name="madhur_tt_2012-10-16"/><ref name="madhur_npr_2010-12-27"/>

In late 1955, Saeed Jaffrey won a [[Fulbright scholarship]] to study [[drama]] in America the following year. In spring 1956, he approached Madhur's parents in Delhi for her hand in marriage but they refused because they felt that his financial prospects as an actor did not appear sound.<ref name="saeed_bio_76">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Saeed | year = 1998 | title = Saeed: An Actor's Journey | publisher = Constable | isbn = 009476770X | page = 76 | url = https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=8yxaAAAAMAAJ | quote = }}</ref> Madhur got her father's permission to marry Saeed eventually.<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/> In summer 1956, Saeed flew to London on his way to America and proposed to Madhur. She refused but gave him a tour of RADA where she pointed out English actors, such as [[பீட்டர் ஓ டூல்]], whom she thought would soon have a high profile in the profession. Soon afterwards, Saeed boarded the ''[[RMS Queen Elizabeth]]'' to sail across the [[அத்திலாந்திக்குப் பெருங்கடல்]] from [[Southampton]] to [[நியூயார்க் நகரம்]].<ref name="saeed_bio_77">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Saeed | year = 1998 | title = Saeed: An Actor's Journey | publisher = Constable | isbn = 009476770X | pages = 77–78 | url = https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=8yxaAAAAMAAJ | quote = }}</ref>

In 1957 Madhur graduated from RADA with honours. Not knowing whether to stay on in London, join a [[repertory theatre|repertory company]] or go back to India, she wrote to Saeed describing her dilemma. Saeed had just graduated from [[Catholic University of America]]'s Department of Speech and Drama and had been selected to act in [[summer stock theatre|summer stock]] plays at [[Saint Michael's College|St. Michael’s Playhouse]] in [[Winooski, Vermont]]. Seeing Saeed troubled by Madhur's letter, Reverend [[Gilbert V. Hartke]], the department head at Catholic University, arranged for Madhur to teach [[pantomime]] at St. Michael’s Playhouse at Winooski that summer.<ref name="madhur_ap_2015-10-20"/> Father Hartke also arranged for Madhur to go to Catholic University on a partial scholarship and work at the Drama School library in order to meet her living expenses.<ref name="saeed_bio_83">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Saeed | year = 1998 | title = Saeed: An Actor's Journey | publisher = Constable | isbn = 009476770X | pages = 83–84 | url = https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=8yxaAAAAMAAJ | quote = }}</ref> After gaining her American work visa, Madhur sailed across the [[அத்திலாந்திக்குப் பெருங்கடல்|Atlantic]] on the ''[[RMS Queen Mary]]'' to join Saeed at Winooski, Vermont.<ref name="madhur_nyt_1986-05-18">{{cite news | title = Encounters With Liberty: At First Sight | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1986/05/18/magazine/encounters-with-liberty-at-first-sight.html | author = Joseph Berger | publisher = New York Times | date = 18 May 1986 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref>

== New York City (1958–1969) ==
In September 1957 Madhur stayed in [[வாசிங்டன், டி. சி.]] with Saeed Jaffrey, who had returned there to rehearse for the 1957–58 season with the [[National Players]], a professional touring company that performed classical plays all over America.<ref name="saeed_bio_83-92">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Saeed | year = 1998 | title = Saeed: An Actor's Journey | publisher = Constable | isbn = 009476770X | pages = 83–92 | url = https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=8yxaAAAAMAAJ | quote = }}</ref> Midway through the tour, Saeed returned to Washington DC from Miami to marry Madhur in a modest civil ceremony.<ref name="saeed_bio_93">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Saeed | year = 1998 | title = Saeed: An Actor's Journey | publisher = Constable | isbn = 009476770X | page = 93 | url = https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=8yxaAAAAMAAJ | quote = }}</ref> The next day, they traveled to [[நியூயார்க் நகரம்]] where Madhur got a job as a tour guide to the [[ஐக்கிய நாடுகள் அவை]] while Saeed did public relations work for the Government of India Tourist Office. They lived on West 27th Street, between [[Sixth Avenue (Manhattan)|Sixth]] and [[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]]. Between 1959 and 1963 Madhur and Saeed had three daughters, Meera, Zia and [[Sakina Jaffery|Sakina]].

In September 1958 [[Ismail Merchant]] arrived from [[மும்பை]] to attend the [[New York University Stern School of Business]].<ref name="madhur_re_2005-05-26">{{cite web | title = Ismail Merchant: In Memory| url = http://www.rogerebert.com/interviews/ismail-merchant-in-memory | author = Roger Ebert | publisher = rogerebert.com | date = 26 May 2005 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> Merchant had heard of Saeed from his theater days in Delhi. He himself wanted to produce plays and make movies. Saeed was then playing the lead at [[Lee Strasberg]]'s [[Actors Studio]] in an Off-Broadway production of ''[[Blood Wedding]]'', a tragedy by Spanish dramatist [[பெடரிக்கோ கார்சியா லோர்க்கா]]. Merchant approached Saeed with a proposal to put on a Broadway production of ''[[மிருச்சகடிகம்]]'' starring the Jaffreys. Saeed took him home for dinner, where he met Madhur who was heavily pregnant with the Jaffreys' first child.<ref name="madhur_ti_1999-12-16"/>

The following year, [[James Ivory (director)|James Ivory]], then an emerging film maker from California, approached Saeed Jaffrey to provide the narration for his short film about [[Indian painting#Western Indian Miniature Painting.|Indian miniature painting]], ''The Sword and the Flute'' (1959).<ref name="madhur_ap_2015-10-20"/><ref name="madhur_jw_1"/><ref name="madhur_tg_2010-11-02">{{cite news | title = James Ivory's passage to mini-India | author = James Ivory | publisher = The Guardian | date= 2 November 2010 }}</ref> Saeed brought Ivory home for dinner and introduced him to Madhur. When ''The Sword and the Flute'' screened in New York City in 1961, the Jaffreys encouraged Merchant to attend the screening, where he met Ivory for the first time.<ref name="madhur_sfc_2006-01-15">{{cite news | title = 'White' Ivory's Last Film With Merchant | url = http://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/White-Ivory-s-Last-Film-With-Merchant-2506048.php | author = Tommy Nguyen | publisher = San Francisco Chronicle | date= 15 January 2006 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_mif_3">{{cite book |author1=Ismail Merchant |author2=Laurence Raw | date = 9 April 2012 | title = Merchant-Ivory: Interviews | chapter = James Ivory and Ismail Merchant: An Interview by Jag Mohan, Basu Chatterji and Arun Kaul, 1968 | publisher = University Press of Mississippi | isbn = 9781617032370 | page = 3 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=mq-L3tAqFuwC&pg=PA3&lpg=PA3&dq=jaffrey&source=bl&ots=zhqCVfq0Bu&sig=511NFSdvcYZVo8HyLe9uAdKXevs&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&f=false }}</ref><ref name="madhur_nyt_2015-09-11">{{cite news | title = James Ivory’s Home Befits His Extraordinary Life | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/11/t-magazine/james-ivory-house.html | author = Nancy Hass | publisher = New York Times | date = 11 September 2015 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> They subsequently met regularly at the Jaffreys' dinners and cemented their relationship into a lifetime partnership, both personal and professional.<ref name="saeed_ti_1994-06-06">{{cite news | title = Saeed Jaffrey's passage from India | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/interview-saeed-jaffreys-passage-from-india-whenever-directors-are-casting-a-voluble-likeable-asian-1420497.html | author = Robert Butler | publisher = The Independent | date= 6 June 1994 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_rf_2000-01-11">{{cite news | title = Madhur Jaffrey Cooks Up Several Ventures | url = http://www.rediff.com/news/2000/jan/11us2.htm | author = Aseem Chhabra | publisher = | date= 11 January 2000 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> The Jaffreys planned to go back to India, start a traveling company and tour with it.<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/> They would often discuss this idea with James Ivory and started writing a script in his [[brownstone]] on East 64th Street.<ref name="saeed_bio_147">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Saeed | year = 1998 | title = Saeed: An Actor's Journey | publisher = Constable | isbn = 009476770X | page = 147 | url = https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=8yxaAAAAMAAJ | quote = Jim used to talk to me and write down notes about a film which would feature a Shakespeare company touring America, obviously inspired by own experiences with Players Inc. }}</ref>

The Jaffreys soon expanded their social circle to include other members of the Indian community in New York City who were involved in the arts. They regularly hosted large dinners cooked by Madhur who was determined to master everything, including [[பிரியாணி]] and [[pilaf|pulao]].<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/>

In 1962 Madhur and Saeed appeared in [[Rolf Forsberg]]'s [[Off-Broadway]] production of ''A Tenth of an Inch Makes The Difference''. Their performance was described by ''[[த நியூயார்க் டைம்ஸ்]]'' drama critic, Milton Esterow, as "sensitive acting" that made up "the brightest part of the evening".<ref name="madhur_nyt_1962-11-13">{{cite news | title = Theater: Zen Buddhism; Plays by Rolf Forsberg Open at the East End | url = https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9A02E2DF113EE43BBC4B52DFB7678389679EDE | author = Milton Esterow | publisher = New York Times | date = 13 November 1962 | accessdate = 15 October 2015 | quote = The brightest part of the evening is the sensitive acting of Saeed Jaffrey and Madhur Jaffrey. Some of their colleagues, however, are not so skillful. }}</ref> The pay for such roles was generally $10/hour.<ref name="madhur_ap_2015-10-20"/>

By 1965, the Jaffreys' marriage had collapsed.<ref name="saeed_bio_133">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Saeed | year = 1998 | title = Saeed: An Actor's Journey | publisher = Constable | isbn = 009476770X | page = 133 | url = https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=8yxaAAAAMAAJ | quote = M finally got me to confess about my affair with the dancer from the Indian dance troupe. She was deeply wounded by it and nothing I said or did - my making passionate love, my crying, and kissing her feet begging her forgiveness - nothing, healed her wound. I started drinking fairly heavily out of a sense of guilt, and the children were often frightened and distressed by the quarrels between the parents. The whole calm, loving atmosphere of warmth and caring started to crack up and our older daughters, Zia and Chubby, were deeply affected by this change. }}</ref> Madhur arranged for their children to live with her parents and sister in Delhi while Madhur went to [[மெக்சிக்கோ]] for the formal divorce proceedings.<ref name="madhur_ti_1999-01-25">{{cite news | title = Saeed Jaffrey interview: New kid on the Street | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/saeed-jaffrey-interview-new-kid-on-the-street-1046303.html | author = Deborah Ross | publisher = The Independent | date = 25 January 1999 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> The divorce was finalized in 1966.

Madhur traveled to India for the shooting of ''[[Shakespeare Wallah]]'' (1965). After the film's shooting was complete, Madhur lived in India with her children until Ismail Merchant decided that she needed to be at the [[பெர்லின் சர்வதேசத் திரைப்பட விழா]] because he had entered the movie in competition there. In Berlin, Madhur won the [[Silver Bear for Best Actress]] award. Sanford Allen, a violinist she had met when she was a guide at the [[Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts]] in New York City, sent her a bunch of roses on her win.<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/> Madhur returned to New York City when the film was screened at the [[New York Film Festival]]. Madhur and Sanford Allen met again and decided to pursue a relationship seriously.

In 1966 Ismail Merchant, in search of further publicity for the film, decided to cultivate ''[[த நியூயார்க் டைம்ஸ்]]'' food critic [[Craig Claiborne]]. He persuaded Claiborne to profile Madhur as an actress who could also cook.<ref name="madhur_ap_2015-10-20"/> When Claiborne agreed, Madhur borrowed a friend's apartment in which to meet him since she felt she could not do so in the one-bedroom apartment on Eleventh Street that she shared with Allen.<ref name="madhur_nyt_2003-10-05">{{cite news | title = Dark Victory | url = https://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/05/magazine/food-dark-victory.html?pagewanted=all | author = Jonathan Reynolds | publisher = | date= 5 October 2003| accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> She rearranged the furniture in the borrowed apartment and made [[stuffed peppers|stuffed green peppers]], [[kofta]]s in [[sour cream]] and cucumber [[raita]].<ref name="madhur_nyt_1966-07-07">{{cite news | title = Indian Actress Is a Star in the Kitchen, Too | url = http://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1966/07/07/82474241.html?pageNumber=57 | author = Craig Claiborne | publisher = New York Times | date= 7 July 1966 | accessdate = 15 October 2015 | quote = Although cooking has become an ardent pastime in the life of Madhur Jaffrey, her interest in cooking with a certain panache came about, as it has for many another young New Yorker, through necessity. The young woman is an actress who appears in the well-received Indian film "Shakespeare Wallah." (Kenneth Tynan, the London critic, called her performance "a ravishing study in felinity.") }}</ref>
{{Gallery|width=160|height=170|lines=4|align=center
|File:Stuffed pepper.jpg|[[Stuffed peppers|Stuffed green peppers]]
|File:MalaiKofta.jpg|[[Kofta]]s in [[sour cream]]
|File:Raita with cucumber and mint.jpg|Cucumber [[raita]] with mint
}}

In 1967, Madhur traveled to India to attend a black-tie premiere of ''Shakespeare Wallah'' in Delhi hosted by the British High Commissioner to India, [[John Freeman (British politician)|John Freeman]] and his wife, Catherine. At the premiere she met [[மார்லன் பிராண்டோ]], an actor Madhur admired deeply for his [[method acting]] technique. Brando was in India to raise money for UNICEF and the film premiere also served as a fund-raiser.<ref name="purcell_avpc_9">{{cite book | last = Purcell | first = Hugh | date = 7 July 2015 | title = A Very Private Celebrity: The Nine Lives of John Freeman | publisher = Biteback Publishing | isbn = 1849549451 | chapter = Chapter 9: Diplomat High Commissioner to India | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=2fHXCQAAQBAJ&pg=PT183&lpg=PT183&dq=%22madhur+jaffrey%22+%22marlon+brando%22&source=bl&ots=MH5Gmt1hQ5&sig=44B-GlZESFqfaphHycKQRzNZlBs&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBoQ6AEwAjgUahUKEwiHqPmK6_rIAhWHMIgKHftgCxs#v=onepage&q=%22madhur%20jaffrey%22%20%22marlon%20brando%22&f=false }}</ref><ref name="satyajit_mai_">{{cite book | last = Ray | first = Bijoya | date = 1 August 2012 | title = Manik and I: My Life with Satyajit Ray | publisher = Penguin UK | isbn = 8184757506 | page = | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=E7YadsNfe3QC&pg=PT495&lpg=PT495&dq=%22madhur+jaffrey%22+%22marlon+brando%22&source=bl&ots=QzRYBKnL46&sig=x3XnD5nNdX1lBDr-yzOIke0iexc&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CBQQ6AEwADgUahUKEwiHqPmK6_rIAhWHMIgKHftgCxs#v=onepage&q=%22madhur%20jaffrey%22%20%22marlon%20brando%22&f=false }}</ref> Later that year, Madhur shot scenes for Merchant Ivory's next film, ''[[The Guru (1969 film)|The Guru]]'' (1969). Madhur returned from India with her children. The family, along with Sanford Allen, moved into a 14th-floor apartment in a [[Greenwich Village]] [[கூட்டுறவு வீட்டு வசதி சங்கம்|co-op]].<ref name="madhur_ti-2007">{{cite news | title = My Secret Life: Madhur Jaffrey, food writer & actress, age 74 | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/my-secret-life-madhur-jaffrey-food-writer-actress-age-74-845828.html | author = Charlotte Philby | publisher = The Independent | year = 2007 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> In order to better provide for her children, she became a freelance writer for food and travel magazines, covering subjects as diverse as paintings, music, dance, drama, sculpture, and architecture.<ref name="madhur_ap_2015-10-20"/>

In 1969, Madhur married Sanford Allen, who at the time was a violinist with the [[New York Philharmonic Orchestra]].<ref>Contemporary Authors Online, [http://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/BioRC Gale, 2008]. Reproduced in Biography Resource Center. Farmington Hills, Mich.: Gale, 2008.</ref>

==Merchant Ivory films==
Madhur Jaffrey was instrumental in introducing [[James Ivory (director)|James Ivory]] and [[Ismail Merchant]] to one another.<ref name="madhur_nyt_2003-01-02"/>

When Merchant and Ivory traveled to India to make ''[[The Householder]]'' (1963) they met [[சசி கபூர்]] and his in-laws, the Kendals. [[Geoffrey Kendal]] and his wife, Laura Liddell, had a traveling theatre company, ''Shakespeareana'', that performed plays by Shakespeare pan India. Combining the Jaffreys' original idea with the real-life ''Shakespeareana'', Merchant and Ivory came up with their next film ''[[Shakespeare Wallah]]'' (1965).<ref name="madhur_mif_7">{{cite book |author1=Ismail Merchant |author2=Laurence Raw | date = 9 April 2012 | title = Merchant-Ivory: Interviews | chapter = James Ivory and Ismail Merchant: An Interview by Jag Mohan, Basu Chatterji and Arun Kaul, 1968 | publisher = University Press of Mississippi | isbn = 9781617032370 | page = 7 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=mq-L3tAqFuwC&pg=PA7&lpg=PA7&dq=jaffrey&source=bl&ots=zhqCVfq0Bu&sig=511NFSdvcYZVo8HyLe9uAdKXevs&hl=en&sa=X&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&f=false }}</ref> Ruth Prawer Jhabvala was persuaded to write a movie star role for Madhur. Saeed was dropped from the project because the Jaffreys' marriage had collapsed at this point.<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/>

When Madhur traveled to India for the shooting of ''[[Shakespeare Wallah]]'', her first shots were in [[கசௌலி]], a [[மலை வாசத்தலம்]]. The hairpin bends on the drive there caused her [[குமட்டல்]] and vomiting, leading the crew to despair that a person so petite and sickly could ever play a glamorous movie star.<ref name="madhur_jw_1"/> [[Kenneth Tynan]], a film critic for ''[[தி அப்சர்வர்]]'', described her performance as "a ravishing study in felinity".<ref name="madhur_biff"/>

She went on to act in further Merchant Ivory films like ''[[The Guru (1969 film)|The Guru]]'' (1969), ''[[Autobiography of a Princess]]'' (1976), ''[[Heat and Dust (film)|Heat and Dust]]'' (1983), directed by Ivory, and ''[[The Perfect Murder (film)|The Perfect Murder]]'' (1988). She starred as the title character in their film ''[[Cotton Mary]]'' (1999) and co-directed it with Merchant.

==Other films and television==
Madhur Jaffrey has appeared in ''[[Six Degrees of Separation (film)|Six Degrees of Separation]]'' (1993), ''[[Vanya on 42nd Street]]'' (1994) and ''[[Prime (film)|Prime]]'' (2005). She starred in and produced ''[[ABCD (1999 film)|ABCD]]'' (1999) and guest-starred in the ''[[Law & Order: Special Victims Unit]]'' episode "Name" as a psychiatrist, and the ''[[Law & Order: Criminal Intent]]'' episode "The Healer" as a lecturer. In 1985, she was in the Hindi film ''[[Saagar (1985 film)|Saagar]]'' where she played the role of [[ரிசி கபூர்]]'s grandmother. In 1992–94 she appeared with [[Billie Whitelaw]] in the British television series ''[[Firm Friends]]''. In 1999, she appeared with daughter Sakina Jaffrey in the film ''[[Chutney Popcorn]]''. In ''[[Cosmopolitan (film)|Cosmopolitan]]'' (2003), a film broadcast on [[பொது ஒளிபரப்புச் சேவை]], she played a traditional Hindu wife who suddenly leaves her husband. She also starred alongside [[Deborah Kerr]] in the 1985 movie ''[[The Assam Garden]]''. In 2009 she appeared with [[Aasif Mandvi]] in ''[[Today's Special (film)|Today's Special]]'', adapted from Mandvi's play about a [[sous chef]] who is forced to run his father's [[tandoori]] restaurant in [[குயின்சு]].<ref name="madhur_eater_2010-04-28">{{cite news | title = Aasif Mandvi and Madhur Jaffrey on Their Film Today's Special | url = http://www.eater.com/2010/4/28/6735605/aasif-mandvi-and-madhur-jaffrey-on-their-film-todays-special | author = Jason Cohen | publisher = eater.com | date = 28 April 2010 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> In 2012 she played a doctor in ''[[A Late Quartet]]'' who diagnoses [[Christopher Walken]]'s character with [[நடுக்குவாதம்]].

==Theatre==
In 1962, she appeared in ''A Tenth of an Inch Makes the Difference'' by [[Rolf Forsberg]].<ref name="madhur_nyt_1962-11-13"/> In 1969, she appeared in ''The Guide'', based on the [[The Guide|novel]] by [[ஆர். கே. நாராயணன்]],<ref>Barnes, Clive: "Theater: Reluctant Guru", ''The New York Times'', 7 March 1968.</ref> and in 1970, she appeared in ''[[Conduct Unbecoming (play)|Conduct Unbecoming]]'', written by [[Barry England]].<ref>"New Castings Listed", ''The New York Times'', p. 54, 21 September 1970.</ref> In 1993, she appeared in ''Two Rooms'' by [[Lee Blessing]].<ref>[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F0CE0D61031F93BA25751C0A965958260&scp=8&sq=%22two+rooms%22&st=nyt "Divided by Space and Captivity, but United in Spirit", ''The New York Times''] 18 February 1993.</ref>
In 1999, she appeared in ''Last Dance at Dum Dum'' by [[Ayub Khan-Din]].<ref>Wolf, Matt, "Last Dance at Dum Dum", ''Variety'', 9 August 1999.</ref> In 2004, Jaffrey appeared in ''[[Bombay Dreams]]'' on Broadway, where she played the main character's grandmother (Shanti).<ref name=ruc>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080124225111/http://www.reallyuseful.com/rug/shows/bombaydreams/cast/broadwayorig2004.htm ''Bombay Dreams''] Broadway 2004 cast.</ref> In 2005, she appeared in ''[[India Awakening]]'' by [[Anne Marie Cummings]].

==Cooking==
Jaffrey is the author of cookbooks of [[இந்திய உணவுமுறை|Indian]], [[Asian cuisine|Asian]], and world vegetarian cuisines. Many have become best-sellers; some have won [[James Beard Foundation Award|James Beard Foundation]] awards. She has presented cookery series on television, including ''Madhur Jaffrey's Indian Cookery'' in 1982, ''Madhur Jaffrey's Far Eastern Cookery'' in 1989 and ''Madhur Jaffrey's Flavours of India'' in 1995.<ref>[http://www.museum.tv/eotv/jaffreymadh.htm "Jaffrey, Madhur"], Museum of Broadcast Communications (MBC).</ref> She lives in Manhattan and has a home in upstate New York. As a result of the success of her cookbooks and TV, Jaffrey developed a line of mass-marketed cooking sauces.

Ironically, she did not cook at all as a child growing up in Delhi. She had almost never been in the kitchen and almost failed cooking at school.<ref name="madhur_nyt_1966-07-07"/> It was only after she went to London at the age of 19 to study at RADA that she learned how to cook, using recipes of familiar dishes that were provided in correspondence from her mother.<ref>Jaffrey, Madhur, ''Madhur Jaffrey's Indian Cooking'', Barron's Educational Series, 1983. {{ISBN|978-0-8120-6548-0}}.</ref> Her editor [[Judith Jones]] claimed in her memoirs that Jaffrey was an ideal cookbook writer precisely because she had learned to cook childhood comfort food as an adult, and primarily from written instructions. In the 1960s, after her award-winning performance in ''Shakespeare Wallah'', she became known as the "actress who could cook".

After an article about her and her cooking appeared in the ''New York Times'' in 1966, she received a book contract from an independent editor to write a book on Indian cooking. Madhur started compiling all the recipes learnt by her through correspondence with her mother and adapted for the American kitchen.<ref>Sokolov, Raymond: "Current Stars: Books on Indian, Italian and Inexpensive Food", ''The New York Times'', 19 April 1973.</ref> Due to a period of rapid consolidation in the American publishing industry, the book went to [[Harcourt Brace Jovanovich]] but got no attention there either. Madhur took the book to her friend, [[வேத் மேத்தா]], who in turn mentioned it to publisher [[André Schiffrin]].<ref name="madhur_jw_2">{{cite web | title = Madhur Jaffrey Interview - Part 2: An oral history project conducted by Judith Weinraub | url = http://dlib.nyu.edu/beard/interviews/madhur-jaffrey-interview-2 | author = Judith Weinraub | publisher = Fales Library, NYU | date = 16 December 2010 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> Schiffrin passed on the book to [[Alfred A. Knopf|Knopf]] editor [[Judith Jones]], who had championed [[Julia Child]]'s cookbook at a time when no other publisher would touch it.<ref name="madhur_epi_2015-04-13">{{cite news | title = Making the Cookbook: An Invitation to Indian Cooking | url = http://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/how-madhur-jaffrey-wrote-an-invitation-to-indian-cooking-cookbook-article | author = Sam Worley | publisher = epicurious.com | date= 13 April 2015 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> Judith Jones snapped up the book immediately, only asking Madhur to add serving suggestions and menus for people not familiar with Indian cooking. In 1973 ''An Invitation to Indian Cooking'' was published, Madhur's first cookbook. During the 1970s, she taught classes in Indian cooking, both at the James A. Beard School of Cooking and in her Manhattan apartment.<ref name="madhur_people_1986-12-08">{{cite news | title = Indian cooking's New Delhi delight is actress Madhur Jaffrey | url = http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20095213,00.html |author1=Johnson, Bonnie |author2=Vespa, Mary |lastauthoramp=yes | publisher = People Weekly | date= 8 December 1986 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> She was hired by the BBC to present a show on Indian cooking.<ref>Bhaskaran, Nandini: "An actress who can cook", ''The Times of India'', 18 November 2007.</ref> In 1986, the restaurant Dawat opened in Manhattan using recipes that she provided.<ref name="madhur_nyt_1986-12-12"/>

The social historian Panikos Panayi described her as the doyen of Indian cookery writers, but noted that their and her influence remained limited to Indian cuisine. Panayi commented that despite Jaffrey's description of "most Indian restaurants in Britain as 'second-class establishments that had managed to underplay their own regional uniqueness'", most of her dishes too "do not appear on dining tables in India".<ref>Panayi, Panikos (2010 [2008]) ''Spicing Up Britain''. London: Reaktion Books. Page 204.</ref>

==Awards==
* [[Silver Bear for Best Actress|Best Actress Award]] from the [[பெர்லின் சர்வதேசத் திரைப்பட விழா]] in 1965 for her performance in ''[[Shakespeare Wallah]]''<ref name="madhur_biff"/>
* Taraknath Das Foundation Award presented by the Taraknath Das Foundation of the Southern Asian Institute of [[கொலம்பியா பல்கலைக்கழகம்]] in 1993<ref>[http://sai.columbia.edu/taraknath-das-foundation Southern Asian Institute | About the Taraknath Das Foundation]</ref>
* Named to ''Who's Who of Food and Beverage in America'' by the James Beard Foundation in 1995.<ref>[http://www.jamesbeard.org/awards/madhur-jaffrey-1995-347 Madhur Jaffrey 1995 | James Beard Foundation] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304113719/http://www.jamesbeard.org/awards/madhur-jaffrey-1995-347 |date=4 March 2016 }}</ref>
* Muse Award presented by New York Women in Film & Television in 2000.<ref>[http://www.nywift.org/article.aspx?id=38 A look back: past Muse Awards & honorees | New York Women in Film and Television]</ref>
* Honorary [[CBE]] awarded on 11 October 2004 "in recognition of her services to cultural relations between the United Kingdom, India and the United States, through her achievements in film, television and cookery".<ref name="madhur_et_2004-03-20"/>

== Family ==
Madhur has three daughters from her marriage to [[Saeed Jaffrey]]: Zia, Meera and Sakina. Saeed Jaffrey's autobiography ''Saeed: An Actor's Journey'' (1998) describes their relationship in the early years of his life.<ref name="madhur_">{{cite news | title = The Seduction Of Saeed | url = http://www.outlookindia.com/article/the-seduction-of-saeed/206554 | author = Sanjay Suri | publisher = Outlook India | date= 16 Nov 1998 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref>
Zia Jaffrey is a part-time assistant professor of Creative Writing at [[The New School]] in New York City.<ref name="madhur_zia_tns">{{cite web | title = Creative Writing (MFA) Faculty - Zia Jaffrey | url = http://www.newschool.edu/public-engagement/mfa-creative-writing-faculty/?id=4e7a-517a-4f51-3d3d | publisher = The New School | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> She has written for newspapers like ''[[த நியூயார்க் டைம்ஸ்]]''<ref name="zia_nyt_1998-07-19_">{{cite news | title = The Prophet in the Tree | url = https://www.nytimes.com/books/98/07/19/reviews/980719.19jaffrat.html | author = Zia Jaffrey | publisher = New York Times | date= 19 July 1998 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> and ''[[தி வாசிங்டன் போஸ்ட்]]''. Her work has also appeared in magazines like ''[[The Nation]]'','' [[Vogue (magazine)|Vogue]]'', and ''[[Elle (magazine)|Elle]]''. She is the author of ''The Invisibles: A Tale of Eunuchs of India'' (1996) that explores the ''[[Hijra (South Asia)|hijra]]'' community, whom she first encountered at a family wedding in Delhi in 1984.<ref name="zia_nyt_1996-11-24">{{cite news | title = The Third Sex | url = https://www.nytimes.com/1996/11/24/books/the-third-sex.html | author = Lee Siegel | publisher = New York Times | date= 24 November 1996 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="zia_nyt_1996-11-20">{{cite news | title = A Bizarre Ancient Caste Yields Up Its Secrets | author = Richard Bernstein| publisher = New York Times | date= 20 November 1996 }}</ref> In 2013 she published ''The New Apartheid'', a book on South Africa's AIDS epidemic.<ref name="zia_aids_2013">{{cite book | last = Jaffrey | first = Zia | date = 30 July 2013 | title = The New Apartheid : AIDS in South Africa | publisher = Verso Books | isbn = 1859846327 | url = http://www.bookdepository.com/New-Apartheid-Zia-Jaffrey/9781859846322 }}</ref>

Meera Jaffrey graduated from [[Oberlin College]], Ohio, with a major in Chinese studies. She teaches in the Music Department of the Learning Community Charter School in [[செர்சி நகரம், நியூ செர்சி]].<ref name="meera_hr_2007-02-11">{{cite news | title = Songs they're afraid to sing in China JC Museum debuts resident's documentary on country's dying political folk music | url = http://www.hudsonreporter.com/view/full_story/2411012/article-Songs-they-re-afraid-to-sing-in-China-JC-Museum-debuts-resident-s-documentary-on-country-s-dying-political-folk-music | author = Ricardo Kaulessar | publisher = Hudson Reporter | date= 11 Feb 2007 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> In 2005 she traveled to China to shoot a documentary film, ''Fine Rain: Politics and Folk Songs in China'', that explores China through its folk songs.<ref name="meera_oc_2007-03-23">{{cite web | title = Documentary Film Maker Explores China Through Folk Songs Meera Jaffrey and James Ivory in Oberlin for Screening | url = http://www.oberlin.edu/newserv/07apr/jaffrey.html | publisher = Oberlin College | date= 23 March 2007 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> Meera is married to Craig Bombardiere and the two have a son, Rohan Jaffrey.<ref name="meera_rohan_2014-08-06">{{cite news | title = Carepoint wins accreditation for cancer care in Bayonne | url = http://www.nj.com/jjournal-news/index.ssf/2014/08/carepoint_wins_accreditation_f.html | publisher = The Jersey Journal | date= 6 August 2014 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref>

Sakina Jaffrey picked up her love of Chinese culture from her elder sister, Meera. She graduated from [[Vassar College]], New York with a major in Chinese studies and lived in [[சீனக் குடியரசு]] in her twenties. She is an actress, best known for her role as Linda Vasquez in the American television series [[House of Cards (U.S. TV series)|House of Cards]].<ref name="sakina_tjn_2015-05-28">{{cite news | title = 'House of Cards' actress Sakina Jaffrey is a longtime Nyack resident | url = http://www.lohud.com/story/entertainment/people/2015/05/22/nyack-sakina-jaffrey-star-house-cards-sleepy-hollow/27774841/?from=global&sessionKey=&autologin= | author = Steven P. Marsh | publisher = The Journal News | date= 28 May 2015 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> She lives in [[Nyack, New York]] with her husband, Francis Wilkinson, a journalist, and their two children, Cassius and Jamila.

Madhur is the aunt of the British journalist Rohit Jaggi<ref name="madhur_ft_2006-09-23">{{cite news | title = Let's do the time warp again | url = http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/734847ae-4a9f-11db-8738-0000779e2340.html | author = Rohit Jaggi | publisher = Financial Times | date= 23 September 2006 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> and his sister the literary critic [[Maya Jaggi]], their mother being Madhur's elder sister, Lalit.<ref name="madhur_ind_2012-08-16">{{cite news | title = Madhur Jaffrey: A taste of history | url = https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/features/madhur-jaffrey-a-taste-of-history-320997.html | author = Maya Jaggi | publisher = The Independent | date = 16 August 2012 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_tg_2008-08-18">{{cite news | title = Memories-on-sea | url = https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2008/aug/18/ethicalholidays.britishidentity?page=all | author = Maya Jaggi| publisher = The Guardian | date= 18 August 2008 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref>

Madhur is cousin to the late Raghu Raj Bahadur (1924–1997), considered to be one of the world's top theoretical statisticians,<ref name="madhur_raghu">{{cite web | title = Obituary: Raghu Raj Bahadur, Statistics | url = http://chronicle.uchicago.edu/970612/bahadur.shtml | publisher = The University of Chicago Chronicle | date = 12 June 1997 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> and his sister, the late [[Sheila Dhar]] (1929 – 2001) .<ref name="madhur_fc9">{{cite web | title = Family Tree of Rai Bahadur Jeewan Lal ji - Family Chart 9 | url = http://www.nawalbiharilalji.com/FC9.html | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref><ref name="madhur_tti_2013-03-22">{{cite news | title = A rapidly changing city - Mosquito nets in a mango orchard| url = http://www.telegraphindia.com/1130322/jsp/opinion/story_16639713.jsp | author = Malavika Karlekar | publisher = The Telegraph | date = 22 March 2013 | accessdate = 15 October 2015}}</ref> In her memoirs ''Here's Someone I'd Like You to Meet'' (1995), Sheila Dhar recounts her difficult relationship with her father, referred to as ''Shibbudada'' in Madhur's own memoirs, ''Climbing the Mango Trees''.<ref name="madhur_sheila">{{cite book | last = Dhar | first = Sheila | year = 1995 | title = Here's Someone I'd Like You to Meet: Tales of Innocents, Musicians and Bureaucrats | publisher = Oxford | isbn = 0195636279 | page = 22 | url = }}</ref>


==ஆரம்ப வாழ்க்கை==
[[குசராத்து]]மாநிலம் [[வல்சாடு மாவட்டம்]], ஹனுமான் பக்தா என்ற சிறு கிராமத்தில் திரைப்பட தயாரிப்பாளர் நானுபாய் தேசாய் மற்றும் அவரது மனைவி ஜோத்ஸனா ஆகியோருக்கு பிந்து பிறந்தார். பிந்துவின் வெற்றிக்கான பாதை எளிதான ஒன்று அல்ல. 13 வயதிலேயே அவரது தந்தை இறந்துவிட்டார். மூத்த மகளாக இருந்ததால், பணத்தை சம்பாதிப்பது இவர் மேல் சுமத்தப்பட்டது, குடும்ப பாரம் இவரது தோள்களில் விழுந்தது.<ref name="bcurry">{{cite web |title=Bindu Desai Biography |url=http://www.bollycurry.com/celeb/bindu-desai/biography/ |publisher=bollycurry.com |accessdate=2 August 2010}}</ref> பிந்து கல்லூரி பட்டதாரி மானவியாக "அன்பத்" (1962) என்ற திரைப்படத்தில் அறிமுகமானார். அப்போது அவர் 11 வயதில் இருந்தார்.
==தொழில்==
1969 இல் பிந்து நடித்த "இட்டஃபக்" மற்றும் "தொ ரஸ்த்" ஆகிய இரண்டு படங்களும் வெற்றி பெற்றது. இங்கிருந்து அவர் சக்தி சாமந்தாவின் "காடி பத்தாங்" (1970) படத்தில் தனது வெற்றி கதையை எழுதினார், அதில் "மேரா நாம் சப்னம்" என்ற பாடலுக்கு இவர் நடனமாடியது இன்றும் கூட இது ஒரு சிறப்பம்சமாகும்
<ref name="bw501">{{cite web |title=Bindu Portrait |url=http://bollywood501.com/classic_f/Bindu/index.html |publisher=bollywood501.com |accessdate=2 August 2010}}</ref>


==சொந்த வாழ்க்கை==
பிந்து அவரது குழந்தை பருவ அன்பானதாகும், இவர் தனது அடுத்த அண்டைவீட்டுக்காரரான் சம்பக்லால் ஜவேரியை மணந்தார். அவர்களுக்கு குழந்தைகள் இல்லை. தற்போது அவர் [[புனே]] கோர்காவன் பார்க் என்ற இடத்தில் வசிக்கிறார். அவர் டெர்பியில் உறுப்பினராக உள்ளார், மேலும் புனேயில் ரேஸ் கோட்டத்தில் அடிக்கடி காணப்பட்டார்.


==குறிப்புகள்==
==குறிப்புகள்==
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist}}


== வெளி இணைப்புகள் ==
==வெளி இணைப்புகள்==
{{Commons category|Bindu (actress)}}
* {{IMDb name|id=0415528|name=Madhur Jaffrey}}
* {{IMDb name|id=0082848|name=Bindu}}
* Oral History Project by Judith Weinraub [http://dlib.nyu.edu/beard/interviews/madhur-jaffrey-interview-1 Interview #1] and [http://dlib.nyu.edu/beard/interviews/madhur-jaffrey-interview-2 Interview #2]


{{Authority control}}


[[பகுப்பு:1933 பிறப்புகள்]]
[[பகுப்பு:1951 பிறப்புகள்]]
[[பகுப்பு:வாழும் நபர்கள்]]
[[பகுப்பு:20 ஆம் நூற்றாண்டின் இந்திய நடிகைகள்]]
[[பகுப்பு:20 ஆம் நூற்றாண்டின் இந்திய நடிகைகள்]]
[[பகுப்பு:இந்தியத் திரைப்பட நடிகைகள்]]
[[பகுப்பு:இந்தியத் திரைப்பட நடிகைகள்]]
[[பகுப்பு:இந்திய தொலைக்காட்சி நடிகைகள்]]
[[பகுப்பு:கன்னடத் திரைப்பட நடிகைகள்]]
[[பகுப்பு:வாழும் நபர்கள்]]

11:49, 10 மார்ச்சு 2019 இல் நிலவும் திருத்தம்

பிந்து
2012இல் பிந்து
பிறப்புபிந்து தேசாய்
17 ஏப்ரல் 1951 (1951-04-17) (அகவை 73)
வல்சாடு, பம்பாய் ஸ்டேட், பிரித்தானிய இந்தியாவின் மாகாணங்களும், ஆட்சிப் பகுதிகளும்
(தற்போது குசராத்து, இந்தியா)
செயற்பாட்டுக்
காலம்		1962 முதல் தற்போது வரை
வாழ்க்கைத்
துணை		சம்பக்லால் ஜவேரி

பிந்து (Bindu) 1951 ஏப்ரல் 17 அன்று பிறந்த இவர் ஒரு இந்திய நடிகையாவார். 1970 களில் பிரபலமானவர், பல விருதுகளுக்கான பரிந்துரைகளை பெற்றார். நான்கு தசாப்தங்களுக்கு மேலாக வாழ்ந்த ஒரு வாழ்க்கையில் 160 க்கும் மேற்பட்ட திரைப்படங்களில் நடித்துள்ளார்,[1] மேலும், "காடி படாங்"(1970) படத்தில் "சப்னம்" என்ற அவரது பாத்திரத்திற்காக மிகவும் நினைவுபடுத்தப்பட்டவர் [2]

ஆரம்ப வாழ்க்கை

குசராத்துமாநிலம் வல்சாடு மாவட்டம், ஹனுமான் பக்தா என்ற சிறு கிராமத்தில் திரைப்பட தயாரிப்பாளர் நானுபாய் தேசாய் மற்றும் அவரது மனைவி ஜோத்ஸனா ஆகியோருக்கு பிந்து பிறந்தார். பிந்துவின் வெற்றிக்கான பாதை எளிதான ஒன்று அல்ல. 13 வயதிலேயே அவரது தந்தை இறந்துவிட்டார். மூத்த மகளாக இருந்ததால், பணத்தை சம்பாதிப்பது இவர் மேல் சுமத்தப்பட்டது, குடும்ப பாரம் இவரது தோள்களில் விழுந்தது.[3] பிந்து கல்லூரி பட்டதாரி மானவியாக "அன்பத்" (1962) என்ற திரைப்படத்தில் அறிமுகமானார். அப்போது அவர் 11 வயதில் இருந்தார்.

தொழில்

1969 இல் பிந்து நடித்த "இட்டஃபக்" மற்றும் "தொ ரஸ்த்" ஆகிய இரண்டு படங்களும் வெற்றி பெற்றது. இங்கிருந்து அவர் சக்தி சாமந்தாவின் "காடி பத்தாங்" (1970) படத்தில் தனது வெற்றி கதையை எழுதினார், அதில் "மேரா நாம் சப்னம்" என்ற பாடலுக்கு இவர் நடனமாடியது இன்றும் கூட இது ஒரு சிறப்பம்சமாகும் [4]

சொந்த வாழ்க்கை

பிந்து அவரது குழந்தை பருவ அன்பானதாகும், இவர் தனது அடுத்த அண்டைவீட்டுக்காரரான் சம்பக்லால் ஜவேரியை மணந்தார். அவர்களுக்கு குழந்தைகள் இல்லை. தற்போது அவர் புனே கோர்காவன் பார்க் என்ற இடத்தில் வசிக்கிறார். அவர் டெர்பியில் உறுப்பினராக உள்ளார், மேலும் புனேயில் ரேஸ் கோட்டத்தில் அடிக்கடி காணப்பட்டார்.

குறிப்புகள்

  1. ↑ "Bindu". jointscene.com. Archived from the original on 11 ஆகத்து 2010. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 2 ஆகத்து 2010. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (help)
  2. ↑ "Shabnam Still Gets Fan Mail". Indian Express. 4 December 2010. http://www.indianexpress.com/news/shabnam-still-gets-fan-mail/720458/0. பார்த்த நாள்: 7 May 2013. 
  3. ↑ "Bindu Desai Biography". bollycurry.com. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 2 August 2010.
  4. ↑ "Bindu Portrait". bollywood501.com. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 2 August 2010.

வெளி இணைப்புகள்

விக்கிமீடியா பொதுவகத்தில்,
Bindu (actress)
என்பதில் ஊடகங்கள் உள்ளன.
"https://ta.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=பிந்து&oldid=2672925" இலிருந்து மீள்விக்கப்பட்டது