அணு ஆயுத சக்தியுடைய நாடுகள்

கட்டற்ற கலைக்களஞ்சியமான விக்கிப்பீடியாவில் இருந்து.

பின்வருபவை அணு ஆயுத சக்தியுடைய நாடுகள் ஆவன.

Country Warheads (Active/Total)[nb 1] Date of first test CTBT status Delivery methods
The five nuclear-weapon states under the NPT
United States 2,104 / 4,804[1] 16 சூலை 1945 ("Trinityவார்ப்புரு:-") Signatory[2] Nuclear triad[3]
Russia 1,600 / 4,480[1] 29 ஆகத்து 1949 ("RDS-1வார்ப்புரு:-") Ratifier[2] Nuclear triad[4]
United Kingdom 160 / 225[1] 3 ஒக்டோபர் 1952 ("Hurricaneவார்ப்புரு:-") Ratifier[2] Sea-based[5][nb 2]
France 290 / 300[1] 13 பெப்ரவரி 1960 ("Gerboise Bleueவார்ப்புரு:-") Ratifier[2] Sea and air-based[6][nb 3]
China n.a. / 250[1] 16 ஒக்டோபர் 1964 ("596வார்ப்புரு:-") Signatory[2] Suspected nuclear triad.[7][8]
Non-NPT nuclear powers
India n.a. / 110[1] 18 மே 1974 ("சிரிக்கும் புத்தர்வார்ப்புரு:-") Non-signatory[2] Land and air-based.[9] Developing nuclear triad.[10][11]
Pakistan n.a. / 120[1] 28 மே 1998 ("Chagai-Iவார்ப்புரு:-") Non-signatory[2] Land and air-based.[12][13]
North Korea n.a. / <10[1] 9 ஒக்டோபர் 2006[14] Non-signatory[2] Suspected land-based.[15]
Undeclared nuclear powers
Israel n.a. / Suspected (est. range: 60-400)[1][16][17] Disputed(1960-1979),[18] including suspected detection of an advanced series device covert test in 1979 Vela Incident[19] Signatory[2] Suspected nuclear triad.[20][21]

மேற்கோள்கள்[தொகு]

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 "Federation of American Scientists: Status of World Nuclear Forces". Fas.org. 2014. பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 2014-05-26.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 "Status of Signature and Ratification of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty". பார்க்கப்பட்ட நாள் 13 சனவரி 2012.
  3. IISS 2012, pp. 54–55
  4. IISS 2012, p. 192
  5. IISS 2012, p. 169
  6. IISS 2012, p. 111
  7. The Long Shadow: Nuclear Weapons and Security in 21st Century Asia by Muthiah Alagappa (NUS Press, 2009), page 169: "China has developed strategic nuclear forces made up of land-based missiles, submarine-launched missiles, and bombers. Within this triad, China has also developed weapons of different ranges, capabilities, and survivability."
  8. IISS 2012, pp. 223-224
  9. IISS 2012, p. 243
  10. Peri, Dinakar (12 சூன் 2014). "India’s Nuclear Triad Finally Coming of Age". The Diplomat. http://thediplomat.com/2014/06/indias-nuclear-triad-finally-coming-of-age/. பார்த்த நாள்: 10 மார்ச்சு 2015. 
  11. "Nuclear triad weapons ready for deployment: DRDO".
  12. IISS 2012, p. 272
  13. Pakistan's Nuclear Weapons, By Bhumitra Chakma, (Routledge 2012), page 61: "Pakistan possesses two types of nuclear delivery vehicles: aircraft and missiles. Initially in the pre-tests era, Islamabad depended solely on aircraft as its chief means of delivering nuclear weapons. In the early 1990s, Pakistan acquired a few dozen ballistic missiles from China, and subsequently, it developed a number of missile systems which became its mainstay of nuclear delivery".
  14. "U.S.: Test Points to N. Korea Nuke Blast". The Washington Post. ஒக்டோபர் 13, 2006. http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/10/13/AR2006101300576.html. 
  15. Nuclear Proliferation in South Asia: Crisis Behaviour and the Bomb by Sumit Ganguly, Sumit Ganguly, S. Paul Kapur, (Routledge 2008), page 194-195
  16. There are a wide range of estimates as to the size of the Israeli nuclear arsenal. For a compiled list of estimates, see Avner Cohen, The Worst-Kept Secret: Israel's bargain with the Bomb (Columbia University Press, 2010), Table 1, page xxvii and page 82.
  17. Brower, Kenneth S (பெப்ரவரி 1997), "A Propensity for Conflict: Potential Scenarios and Outcomes of War in the Middle East", Jane's Intelligence Review (special report) (14): 14–5 {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help).
  18. Farr, Warner D (செப்டம்பர் 1999), The Third Temple's holy of holies: Israel's nuclear weapons, The Counterproliferation Papers, Future Warfare Series 2, USAF Counterproliferation Center, Air War College, Air University, Maxwell Air Force Base, retrieved சூலை 2, 2006.
  19. *Hersh, Seymour (1991). The Samson option: Israel's Nuclear Arsenal and American Foreign Policy. Random House. பன்னாட்டுத் தரப்புத்தக எண்:0-394-57006-5. https://archive.org/details/samsonoptionisra0000hers. , page 271
  20. An Atlas of Middle Eastern Affairs By Ewan W. Anderson, Liam D. Anderson, (Routledge 2013), page 233: "In terms of delivery systems, there is strong evidence that Israel now possesses all three elements of the nuclear triad."
  21. IISS 2012, p. 328
  1. All numbers are estimates from the Federation of American Scientists. The latest update was in திசம்பர் 2012. If differences between active and total stockpile are known, they are given as two figures separated by a forward slash. If specifics are not available (n.a.), only one figure is given. Stockpile number may not contain all intact warheads if a substantial amount of warheads are scheduled for but have not yet gone through dismantlement; not all "active" warheads are deployed at any given time. When a range of weapons is given (e.g., 0–10), it generally indicates that the estimate is being made on the amount of fissile material that has likely been produced, and the amount of fissile material needed per warhead depends on estimates of a country's proficiency at nuclear weapon design.
  2. From the 1960s until the 1990s, the United Kingdom's Royal Air Force maintained the independent capability to deliver nuclear weapons via its V bomber fleet.
  3. France formerly possessed a Nuclear triad until 1996 and the retirement of its land-based arsenal.